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RE: Grave Headstones

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Qibla.com

Answered by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani

What is permitted and not permitted with headstones for graves?  For example, is the name of the person permitted, a description, a message about them, a photo?

Answer:
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

Assalamu alaikum,

The basis of graves in Islam is that they be plain and simple, as is understood from numerous hadiths interdicting different forms of excess in graves. The reason for this is simple:  

a) it is a waste of money;

b) the dead person is not in need of it;

c) those visiting do so in order to reflect on the transient nature of this world and the reality of the next life, and such excess distracts from this.

With regards to writing on graves, Imam Tirmidhi related an authentic hadith from the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) that, among other things, he commanded against writing on graves.”

The fuqaha understood this to be writing above the basic need to know who is buried in that place, and something about them. Other matter is to be avoided. [Ibn Hajar, Tuhfat al-Muhtaj Sharh al-Minhaj (3.196-107); Ibn Nujaym, al-Bahr al-Ra’iq Sharh Kanz al-Daqa’iq (2.209) quoting al-Fatawa al-Dhahiriyya and al-Muhit]

[See, also: Ibn Qudama, al-Mughni (2.192); Kasani, Bada’i` (1.321)]

And Allah alone gives success.

Wassalam,
Faraz Rabbani

 

قال الإمام موفّق الدين ابن قدامة (رحمه الله تعالى) في المغني: (2/192) ( 1592 ) فَصْلٌ : وَيُكْرَهُ الْبِنَاءُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ , وَتَجْصِيصُهُ , وَالْكِتَابَةُ عَلَيْهِ لِمَا رَوَى مُسْلِمٌ فِي ” صَحِيحِهِ ” قَالَ : { نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ يُجَصَّصَ الْقَبْرُ , وَأَنْ يُبْنَى عَلَيْهِ , وَأَنْ يُقْعَدَ عَلَيْهِ . } زَادَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَنْ يُكْتَبَ عَلَيْهِ . وَقَالَ : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَلِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ زِينَةِ الدُّنْيَا , فَلَا حَاجَةَ بِالْمَيِّتِ إلَيْهِ . وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى الرُّخْصَةِ فِي طِينِ الْقَبْرِ , لِتَخْصِيصِهِ التَّجْصِيصَ بِالنَّهْيِ وَنَهَى عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَنْ يُبْنَى عَلَى الْقَبْرِ بِآجُرٍّ , وَأَوْصَى بِذَلِكَ . وَأَوْصَى الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ أَنْ لَا تَجْعَلُوا عَلَى قَبْرِي آجُرًّا وَقَالَ إبْرَاهِيمُ كَانُوا يَكْرَهُونَ الْآجُرَّ فِي قُبُورِهِمْ . وَكَرِهَ أَحْمَدُ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ فُسْطَاطٌ وَأَوْصَى أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ حِينَ حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ أَنْ لَا تَضْرِبُوا عَلَيَّ فُسْطَاطًا .قال الإمام الكاساني في بدائع الصنائع: (1/321)وَيُكْرَهُ تَجْصِيصُ الْقَبْرِ وَتَطْيِينُهُ وَكَرِهَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ الْبِنَاءَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ وَأَنْ يُعَلَّمَ بِعَلَامَةٍ , وَكَرِهَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ الْكِتَابَةَ عَلَيْهِ ذَكَرَهُ الْكَرْخِيُّ لِمَا رُوِيَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ : { لَا تُجَصِّصُوا الْقُبُورَ وَلَا تَبْنُوا عَلَيْهَا وَلَا تَقْعُدُوا وَلَا تَكْتُبُوا عَلَيْهَا } ; وَلِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ بَابِ الزِّينَةِ وَلَا حَاجَةَ بِالْمَيِّتِ إلَيْهَا ; وَلِأَنَّهُ تَضْيِيعُ الْمَالِ بِلَا فَائِدَةٍ فَكَانَ مَكْرُوهًا .في البحر الرائق: (2/209)وَفِي الظَّهِيرِيَّةِ , وَلَوْ وُضِعَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ الْأَشْجَارِ أَوْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ عِنْدَ الْبَعْضِ ا هـ . وَالْحَدِيثُ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ يَمْنَعُ الْكِتَابَة فَلْيَكُنْ الْمُعَوَّلَ عَلَيْهِ لَكِنْ فَصَّلَ فِي الْمُحِيطِ فَقَالَ : وَإِنْ اُحْتِيجَ إلَى الْكِتَابَةِ حَتَّى لَا يَذْهَبَ الْأَثَرُ وَلَا يُمْتَهَنُ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ فَأَمَّا الْكِتَابَةُ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ فَلَا ا هـ

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