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Did I need to give dam and do Umrah if I went to Makkah with no intention to do so?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Darulifta-Deoband.com
I work in Riyadh, my cousin came on visit to Riyadh. I took him to Makkah and dropped him on the hotel and went to Jeddah to stay with my relatives. While returning back to Riyadh I went back to Makkah and performed Zuhr namaz and tawaf and took my cousin along with me to Riyadh. There was no intention of mine to do Umrah. But I heard that I need to give dam and do umrah also. Can you please advise.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

(Fatwa: 426/SN/65-Tatimmah=06/1440)

Yes, in the question mentioned above one dam (slaughtering an animal) is wajib on you as well as performing one umrah. The Fuqha have explained that the person who stays outside Miqat if he wants to enter in Haram for whatsoever purpose it is mandatory for him to wear Ihram from Miqat as well as do Hajj or Umrah. In the question mentioned above since you were intending to enter Haram yet you crossed the boundary of Miqat without wearing Ihram hence one dam is wajib on you as well as it is also mandatory for you to perform umrah (or hajj). However, if you perform umrah by wearing ihram from Miqat then dam shall be cancelled and you shall be free from the responsibility as per the Shariah.

(قَوْلُهُ : مَنْ جَاوَزَ الْمِيقَاتَ غَيْرَ مُحْرِمٍ ثُمَّ عَادَ مُحْرِمًا مُلَبِّيًا أَوْ جَاوَزَ ثُمَّ أَحْرَمَ بِعُمْرَةٍ ثُمَّ أَفْسَدَ ، وَقَضَى بَطَلَ الدَّمُ ) أَيْ مَنْ جَاوَزَ آخِرَ الْمَوَاقِيتِ بِغَيْرِ إحْرَامٍ ثُمَّ عَادَ إلَيْهِ ، وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ ، وَلَبَّى فِيهِ فَقَدْ سَقَطَ عَنْهُ الدَّمُ الَّذِي لَزِمَهُ بِالْمُجَاوَزَةِ بِغَيْرِ إحْرَامٍ ؛ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ تَدَارَكَ مَا فَاتَهُ أَطْلَقَ الْإِحْرَامَ فَشَمِلَ إحْرَامَ الْحَجِّ فَرْضًا كَانَ أَوْ نَفْلًا ، وَإِحْرَامَ الْعُمْرَةِ …..(قَوْلُهُ : وَمَنْ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ بِلَا إحْرَامٍ (وجب عليه أعد النسكين) ثُمَّ حَجَّ عَمَّا عَلَيْهِ فِي عَامَّةِ ذَلِكَ صَحَّ عَنْ دُخُولِ مَكَّةَ بِلَا إحْرَامٍ ، وَإِنْ تَحَوَّلَتْ السَّنَةُ لَا ) ؛ لِأَنَّهُ تَلَافَى الْمَتْرُوكَ فِي وَقْتِهِ ؛ لِأَنَّ الْوَاجِبَ عَلَيْهِ تَعْظِيمُ هَذِهِ الْبُقْعَةِ بِالْإِحْرَامِ كَمَا إذَا أَتَاهَا بِحَجَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي الِابْتِدَاءِ بِخِلَافِ مَا إذَا تَحَوَّلَتْ السَّنَةُ ؛ لِأَنَّهُ صَارَ دَيْنًا فِي ذِمَّتِهِ فَلَا يَتَأَدَّى إلَّا بِإِحْرَامٍ مَقْصُودٍ كَمَا فِي الِاعْتِكَافِ الْمَنْذُورِ فَإِنَّهُ يَتَأَدَّى بِصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ دُونَ الْعَامِ الثَّانِي . فَإِنْ قُلْتُ : سَلَّمْنَا أَنَّ الْحَجَّةَ بِتَحَوُّلِ السَّنَةِ تَصِيرُ دَيْنًا ، وَلَكِنْ لَا نُسَلِّمُ أَنَّ الْعُمْرَةَ تَصِيرُ دَيْنًا ؛ لِأَنَّهَا غَيْرُ مُؤَقَّتَةٍ قُلْتُ : لَا شَكَّ أَنَّ الْعُمْرَةَ يُكْرَهُ تَرْكُهَا إلَى آخِرِ أَيَّامِ النَّحْرِ وَالتَّشْرِيقِ فَإِذَا أَخَّرَهَا إلَى وَقْتٍ يُكْرَهُ صَارَ كَالْمُفَوِّتِ لَهَا فَصَارَتْ دَيْنًا كَذَا فِي غَايَةِ الْبَيَانِ. (البحر الرائق، 3/85، ط: مكتبة زكريا/ ديوبند)

Also see: Ahsanul Fatawa 4/527, Pub. Zakaria.

Allah knows Best!

Darul Ifta,
Darul Uloom Deoband

This answer was collected from the official ifta website of Darul Uloom Deoband in India.

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