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Is it offensive to leave the water running during wudu?

Answered as per Shafi'i Fiqh by Qibla.com

Answered by Shaykh Amjad Rasheed
Translated by Shaykh Hamza Karamali, SunniPath Academy Teacher

Is it considered offensive wastefulness to leave the tap running while making ablution? Does it matter if the amount of water that is running is very small? Does it matter if opening and closing the tap while making ablution takes a lot of time while making ablution? Does leaving the shower running while taking a bath constitute offensive wastefulness? Does it matter that turning off the shower causes one to feel cold?

Answer:
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

In the name of Allah Most Merciful Most Compassionate

Yes, leaving the water running while performing ablution is considered wasteful and offensive, even if the water only runs a little bit, because it constitutes consuming water without benefit. Someone performing ablution should only take the amount of water that he needs to completely wash his limbs; anything beyond this is offensive wastefulness. Opening and shutting the tap while making ablution does not require significant time and hardship.

The same general rules apply to the purificatory bath, although there is more leeway here because the one performing the purificatory bath often needs to stay under the shower in order to clean himself better, or to cool himself down in the summer, or to warm himself up in the winter. Whenever water is left running for a need such as this, it is not considered offensive; otherwise, it is considered offensive wastefulness.
Ibn Majah has related a hadith with a weak chain (as judged by Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalani in al-Talkhis al-Habir)  from `Abdullah b. `Umar that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and give him peace) passed by Sa`d while he was making ablution and said, “What is this wastefulness?” Sa`d replied, “Is it possible to be wasteful during ablution?” to which the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and give him peace) replied, “Yes, even if you are on the bank of a flowing river.”
Imam Nawawi said in al-Majmu` in the chapter that describes how to perform the purificatory bath,
The early Shafi`i scholars and others have agreed that wasting water during the ablution and purificatory bath is blameworthy. Bukhari said in his Sahih, “The people of knowledge have disliked wastefulness during it.” The prevalent opinion is that this wastefulness is offensive but not unlawful, although Baghawi and Mutawalli both said that it is unlawful. One of the proofs for its blameworthiness is the hadith related by `Abdullah b. Mughaffal, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and give him peace) say, “Verily, there shall be a people from among my nation who will be excessive in their purification and in their supplication.” Abu Dawud related this hadith with a rigorously authenticated chain of transmission.
 

السؤال: هل يعد ترك الحنفية مفتوحة أثناء الوضوء من الإسراف المكروه ؟ هل يؤثر كون جري الماء قليلا جداً؟ وهل يؤثر كون غلق الحنفية مراراً في الوضوء يؤدي إلى صرف وقت كثير في الوضوء؟ وهل يعد ترك الشاور مفتوحاً أثناء الغسل من الإسراف المكروه؟ وهل يؤثرُ كون غلق الشاور يؤدي إلى الشعور بالبرد؟

الجواب: نعم تركُ الماء يجري أثناء الوضوء من الإسراف المكروه ولو كان قليلاً؛ لأنه إهدارٌ له من غير نفعٍ فينبغي على المتوضئ أن يأخذَ لوضوئه قدرَ حاجة إتمام غسل أعضائه وما زاد على ذلك فهو إسرافٌ مكروه، وغلقُ الحنفية وفتحُها أثناء الوضوء لا يحتاج لوقت ومشقة يذكران، وكذلك يقالُ في الاغتسال وإن كان بابه أوسع لأن المغتسل كثيراً ما يحتاجُ إلى البقاء تحت الماء لأجل زيادة التنظيف أو التبرد في الصيف أو الشعور بالدفئ في الشتاء، فمهما كان هناك حاجةٌ لمثل ذلك لم يكره، وإلا كان إسرافاً مكروهاً. وقد روى ابنُ ماجه -لكنَّ بإسناد ضعيف كما قال الحافظُ في “التلخيص”- من حديث عبد الله بن عمرو:” أن رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مرَّ بسعد وهو يتوضأ، فقال: ما هذا السَّرفُ؟ فقال: أفي الوضوء إسراف؟ قال: نعم، وإن كنتَ على نهرٍ جارٍ “.

قال الإمام النووي في “المجموع” في (باب صفة الغسل):” (فرع) اتفق أصحابُنا وغيرُهم على ذمِّ الإسراف في الماء في الوضوء والغسل, وقال البخاري في “صحيحه”: كَرِهَ أهلُ العلم الإسرافَ فيه. والمشهورُ أنه مكروهٌ كراهةَ تنـزيه, وقال البَغَويُّ والمتولي: حرامٌ. ومما يدلُّ على ذمِّه حديثُ عبد الله بن مغفل -بالغين المعجمة- رضي الله عنه قال: سمعت رسولَ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول:” إنه سيكون في هذه الأمة قومٌ يعتدون في الطهور والدعاء “. رواه أبو داود بإسناد صحيح “. اهـ

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