Home » Hanafi Fiqh » Askimam.org » Is it permissible to have an abortion because of abuse in a marriage ?

Is it permissible to have an abortion because of abuse in a marriage ?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Assalamu Alaikum

My question is regarding a friend who is seven weeks pregnant and wants an abortion.

The reason is this. She has only been married for 3 months. She is a sincere, honest and committed person. She is a  person of good character and akhlaq. However her husband has turned about to be an oppressor. He shouts and humiliates her all the time. He lies and cheats.

 The girl is much more educated than him and is a high achiever. He has no remarkable achievement. The girl lives in England and the boy was in Pakistan. He used her to come to England apparently. She brought him here one month after marriage. She welcomed him in every way and is very humble. She never tried to look down upon him. But he seems to have an inferiority complex and is constantly abusing her physically, emotionally, psychologically.

His unpredictable and abusive behaviour has made her life hell. She does not want to live with him anymore. However he is refusing to leave her, neither does he mend his ways.

Moreover the girl has good religious education and tries to practice Islam in her life. The boy, who claimed to be a practicing person before and a hafiz of Quran turns out to be totally different. He not only does not pray and fast but lies that he is fasting and he has prayed while later caught that he did not. His morals are very low.

Now the girl is seven weeks pregnant. She knows that she has to get rid of him sooner or later. If she gives birth to the baby, it will be another way for the guy to emotionally abuse her. The guy and his family are all liars and cheats. They are oppressive people.

Is it allowed for the girl to have an abortion in this situation?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

Sister in Islam,

We are sad to note your friend’s situation. We make Dua Allah Taa’la assist her and guide her in her predicament.

Your friend is new in her marriage. Moreover, your friend is from England and her husband is from Pakistan. There is a difference in their background, upbringing and thinking. In general, it takes time for newly married couples to understand each other, especially when both are from different countries.

You state your friend is a committed person. Advise her to change her mindset and be committed to her marriage. She is carrying a child. A child with a joint parental attention and upbringing is better than a child from a broken home. She should also consider the interest of the child and be patient.

Advise your friend to seek assistance from the senior and influential people of her family to intervene and counsel her husband. [1]

Allah Taa’la says in the Quran :

وَذَكِّرْ فَإِنَّ الذِّكْرَى تَنْفَعُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ”   الذاريات: 55″

Translation : ” Continue advising. For verily advise is beneficial  for the believers”

If the husband is counselled correctly and properly, then In Sha Allah, that will save the marriage and it will be in her interest and the interest of her the child. The consequences of a broken marriage are also challenging.

It is not permissible for your friend to abort the child. Advise her to be patient and work towards creating a balance and stability in her marriage. [2][3][4]

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Ahmad Patel

Student Darul Iftaa

South Africa

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.


1]  وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ شِقَاقَ بَيْنِهِمَا فَابْعَثُوا حَكَمًا مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَحَكَمًا مِنْ أَهْلِهَا إِنْ يُرِيدَا إِصْلَاحًا يُوَفِّقِ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا خَبِيرًا} [النساء: 35]

2] ]المحيط البرهاني (٨٣/٨)

ان ارادت ذلك بعد مضي مدة ينفخ فيه الروح لأنها تصير قاتلة فانه اعتبر حيا علي ما عليه الظاهر فلا يحل لها ذلك كما بعد الانفصال

3] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 176)

(قَوْلُهُ وَقَالُوا إلَخْ) قَالَ فِي النَّهْرِ: بَقِيَ هَلْ يُبَاحُ الْإِسْقَاطُ بَعْدَ الْحَمْلِ؟ نَعَمْ يُبَاحُ مَا لَمْ يَتَخَلَّقْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَلَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ إلَّا بَعْدَ مِائَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا، وَهَذَا يَقْتَضِي أَنَّهُمْ أَرَادُوا بِالتَّخْلِيقِ نَفْخَ الرُّوحِ وَإِلَّا فَهُوَ غَلَطٌ لِأَنَّ التَّخْلِيقَ يَتَحَقَّقُ بِالْمُشَاهَدَةِ قَبْلَ هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ كَذَا فِي الْفَتْحِ، وَإِطْلَاقُهُمْ يُفِيدُ عَدَمَ تَوَقُّفِ جَوَازِ إسْقَاطِهَا قَبْلَ الْمُدَّةِ الْمَذْكُورَةِ عَلَى إذْنِ الزَّوْجِ. وَفِي كَرَاهَةِ الْخَانِيَّةِ: وَلَا أَقُولُ بِالْحِلِّ إذْ الْمُحْرِمُ لَوْ كَسَرَ بَيْضَ الصَّيْدِ ضَمِنَهُ لِأَنَّهُ أَصْلُ الصَّيْدِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يُؤَاخَذُ بِالْجَزَاءِ فَلَا أَقَلَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَلْحَقَهَا إثْمٌ هُنَا إذَا سَقَطَ بِغَيْرِ عُذْرِهَا اهـ قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبَانَ: وَمِنْ الْأَعْذَارِ أَنْ يَنْقَطِعَ لَبَنُهَا بَعْدَ ظُهُورِ الْحَمْلِ وَلَيْسَ لِأَبِي الصَّبِيِّ مَا يَسْتَأْجِرُ بِهِ الظِّئْرَ وَيَخَافُ هَلَاكَهُ. وَنُقِلَ عَنْ الذَّخِيرَةِ لَوْ أَرَادَتْ الْإِلْقَاءَ قَبْلَ مُضِيِّ زَمَنٍ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ هَلْ يُبَاحُ لَهَا ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا؟ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ، وَكَانَ الْفَقِيهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى يَقُولُ: إنَّهُ يُكْرَهُ، فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ بَعْدَمَا وَقَعَ فِي الرَّحِمِ مَآلُهُ الْحَيَاةُ فَيَكُونُ لَهُ حُكْمُ الْحَيَاةِ كَمَا فِي بَيْضَةِ صَيْدِ الْحَرَمِ، وَنَحْوُهُ فِي الظَّهِيرِيَّةِ قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبَانَ: فَإِبَاحَةُ الْإِسْقَاطِ مَحْمُولَةٌ عَلَى حَالَةِ الْعُذْرِ، أَوْ أَنَّهَا لَا تَأْثَمُ إثْمَ الْقَتْلِ اهـ. وَبِمَا فِي الذَّخِيرَةِ تَبَيَّنَ أَنَّهُمْ مَا أَرَادُوا بِالتَّحْقِيقِ إلَّا نَفْخُ الرُّوحِ، وَأَنَّ قَاضِيَ خَانْ مَسْبُوقٌ بِمَا مَرَّ مِنْ التَّفَقُّهِ، وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْمُوَفِّقُ اهـ كَلَامُ النَّهْرِ

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (6/ 429)

(قَوْلُهُ وَيُكْرَهُ إلَخْ) أَيْ مُطْلَقًا قَبْلَ التَّصَوُّرِ وَبَعْدَهُ عَلَى مَا اخْتَارَهُ فِي الْخَانِيَّةِ كَمَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ قُبَيْلَ الِاسْتِبْرَاءِ وَقَالَ إلَّا أَنَّهَا لَا تَأْثَمُ إثْمَ الْقَتْلِ (قَوْلُهُ وَجَازَ لِعُذْرٍ) كَالْمُرْضِعَةِ إذَا ظَهَرَ بِهَا الْحَبَلُ وَانْقَطَعَ لَبَنُهَا وَلَيْسَ لِأَبِي الصَّبِيِّ مَا يَسْتَأْجِرُ بِهِ الظِّئْرَ وَيَخَافُ هَلَاكَ الْوَلَدِ قَالُوا يُبَاحُ لَهَا أَنْ تُعَالِجَ فِي اسْتِنْزَالِ الدَّمِ مَا دَامَ الْحَمْلُ مُضْغَةً أَوْ عَلَقَةً وَلَمْ يُخْلَقْ لَهُ عُضْوٌ وَقَدَّرُوا تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةَ بِمِائَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا، وَجَازَ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِآدَمِيٍّ وَفِيهِ صِيَانَةُ الْآدَمِيِّ خَانِيَّةٌ

فتاوي قاضي خان (٣١٢/٣)     4 

ان لم يستبن شيء من خلقه لا تأثم قال (رضي الله عنه) ولا أقول به فان المحرم اذا كسر بيض الصيد يكون ضامنا لأنه اصل الصيد فلما كان مؤاخذا بالجزاء ثمة فلا اقل من ان يلحقها اثم ههنا اذا اسقطت من غير عذر الا انها لا تأثم اثم القتل

كتاب النوازل (٢٦٥- ٢٦٨/١٦)   5

امداد الفتاوى ( ٤/ ٢٠٢ – ٢٠٥ ) 

أحسن الفتاوى ( ٨/ ٣٤٧ – ٣٤٨) 

 

 

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

Read answers with similar topics: