Answered by: Alimah Siddiqa al-Farsiyyah
Question
Assalamu Alaikum
Two people did Zina but didn’t repent to Allah and then, later on, they got married. Is their nikah valid? If they repent for all their sins a year after nikah do they have to re-do the nikah again? Please answer according to the Hanafi Fiqh. Thank you.
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيْم
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
If their nikah took place with an ijaab and qubool (offer & acceptance) in the presence of two witnesses, then their nikah is valid.[1] The physical contact they both had prior to their nikah is a major sin for which they both must repent, but it does not affect their nikah in any way and they do not have to redo their nikah.[2]
Only Allah knows best
Written by Alimah Siddiqa al-Farsiyyah
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
(قَوْلُهُ: وَيَنْعَقِدُ بِإِيجَابٍ، وَقَبُولٍ وُضِعَا لِلْمُضِيِّ أَوْ أَحَدِهِمَا) أَيْ يَنْعَقِدُ النِّكَاحُ أَيْ ذَلِكَ الْعَقْدُ الْخَاصُّ يَنْعَقِدُ بِالْإِيجَابِ وَالْقَبُولِ حَتَّى يَتِمُّ حَقِيقَةً فِي الْوُجُودِ وَالِانْعِقَادُ هُوَ ارْتِبَاطُ أَحَدِ الْكَلَامَيْنِ بِالْآخَرِ عَلَى وَجْهٍ يُسَمَّى بِاعْتِبَارِهِ عَقْدًا شَرْعًا… —البحر الرائق ج 8 ص 321. مكتبة رشيدية
(وَ) صَحَّ نِكَاحُ (حُبْلَى مِنْ زِنًى لَا) حُبْلَى (مِنْ غَيْرِهِ) أَيْ الزِّنَى لِثُبُوتِ نَسَبِهِ وَلَوْ مِنْ حَرْبِيٍّ أَوْ سَيِّدِهَا الْمُقِرِّ بِهِ (وَإِنْ حَرُمَ وَطْؤُهَا) وَدَوَاعِيهِ (حَتَّى تَضَعَ) مُتَّصِلٌ بِالْمَسْأَلَةِ الْأُولَى لِئَلَّا يَسْقِيَ مَاءَهُ زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ إذْ الشَّعْرُ يَنْبُتُ مِنْهُ. لَوْ نَكَحَهَا الزَّانِي حَلَّ لَهُ وَطْؤُهَا اتِّفَاقًا وَالْوَلَدُ لَهُ وَلَزِمَهُ النَّفَقَةُ. (رد المحتار ج 4 ص 141–142. دار الكتب العلمية)