I have a questions that I consider very important for me and for my friends as well. And I expect a detailed asnwer for this.
Question : What is the Fard and Wajib for a normal Muslim. What is Hiararcy means what to follow first and after. Is it poosible to give a list so I can check up wheather am I meeting all the fard , wajib and sunna or not? Please elaborate if possible.
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.
At the outset, we apologise to you for not fulfilling your request for a detailed answer as your question is not clear. We do not know which aspect of fardh and wajib you are referring to. We also do not know what you mean by hierarchy. Nevertheless, we share with you the following hadiths:
- 1. عن أبي عبد الرحمن عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنهما قال : سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول : ( بني الإسلام على خمس : شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله ، وأن محمدا رسول الله ، وإقام الصلاة ، وإيتاء الزكاة ، وحج البيت ، وصوم رمضان ) رواه البخاري ومسلم .
Translation: Abu Abdulrahman Abdullah Ibn Umar Ibn al-Khattaab, radiyallahu ‘anhuma narrates that he heard the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, saying: “Islam is built on five things: testifying that there is no God other than Allah and that the Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is the messenger of Allah, establishing salaat, giving zakat, making hajj and fasting in Ramadan.”
- 2. عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ: ” بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، إذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ، شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ، لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ، وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ. حَتَّى جَلَسَ إلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه و سلم . فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ، وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ،
وَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إلَهَ إلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إنْ اسْتَطَعْت إلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا.
قَالَ: صَدَقْت . فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ!
قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِيمَانِ.
قَالَ: أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاَللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ، وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ.
قَالَ: صَدَقْت. قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ الْإِحْسَانِ.
قَالَ: أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّك تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاك.
قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ السَّاعَةِ. قَالَ: مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِ.
قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا؟ قَالَ: أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا، وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ. ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ، فَلَبِثْنَا مَلِيًّا،
ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنْ السَّائِلُ؟.
قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ.
قَالَ: فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ “. [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]
Tranlation: on the authority of ‘Umar, radiyallahu ‘anhu, who said:
“While we were one day sitting with the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, there appeared before us a man dressed in extremely white clothes and with very black hair. No traces of journeying were visible on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down close by the Prophet, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, rested his knee against his thighs, and said, O Muhammad! Inform me about Islam.” Said the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, “Islam is that you should testify that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, that you should perform salah(ritual prayer), pay the zakah, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (the Ka’bah at Makkah), if you can find a way to it (or find the means for making the journey to it).” Said he (the man), “You have spoken truly.” We were astonished at his thus questioning him and telling him that he was right, but he went on to say, “Inform me about iman (faith).” He (the Messenger of Allah) answered, “It is that you believe in Allah and His angels and His Books and His Messengers and in the Last Day, and in fate (qadar), both in its good and in its evil aspects.” He said, “You have spoken truly.” Then he (the man) said, “Inform me about Ihsan.” He (the Messenger of Allah) answered, ” It is that you should serve Allah as though you could see Him, for though you cannot see Him yet He sees you.” He said, “Inform me about the Hour.” He (the Messenger of Allah) said, “About that the one questioned knows no more than the questioner.” So he said, “Well, inform me about the signs thereof (i.e. of its coming).” Said he, “They are that the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, that you will see the barefooted ones, the naked, the destitute, the herdsmen of the sheep (competing with each other) in raising lofty buildings.” Thereupon the man went off. I waited a while, and then he (the Messenger of Allah) said, “O ‘Umar, do you know who that questioner was?” I replied, “Allah and His Messenger know better.” He said, “That was Jibril. He came to teach you your religion.” [Muslim]
- 3. عن أنس بن مالك ـ رضي الله عنه ـ قال : ( بينما نحن جلوس مع النبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – في المسجد دخل رجل على جمل فأناخه (أجلسه) في المسجد ثم عقله (ربطه) ، ثم قال لهم : أيكم محمد؟ ، ـ والنبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – متكئ بين ظهرانيهم ـ ، فقلنا هذا الرجل الأبيض المتكئ ، فقال له الرجل : ابن عبد المطلب ، فقال له النبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – : قد أجبتك ، فقال الرجل للنبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – : إني أسألك فمشدد عليك في المسألة ، فلا تجد عليَّ (تغضب) في نفسك ، فقال : سل عما بدا لك ، فقال : أسألك بربك ورب من قبلك ، آلله أرسلك إلى الناس كلهم ؟ ، فقال : اللهم نعم ، قال : أنشدك بالله ، آلله أمرك أن تصلي الصلوات الخمس في اليوم والليلة ؟ ، قال : اللهم نعم ، قال : أنشدك بالله ، آلله أمرك أن نصوم هذا الشهر من السنة ؟ ، قال : اللهم نعم ، قال : أنشدك بالله ، آلله أمرك أن تأخذ هذه الصدقة من أغنيائنا فتقسمها في فقرائنا ؟ ، فقال النبي – صلى الله عليه وسلم – : اللهم نعم ، فقال الرجل : آمنت بما جئتَ به ، وأنا رسول من ورائي من قومي وأنا ضمام بن ثعلبة أخو بني سعد بن بكر ) رواه البخاري .
Translation: Anas Ibn Malik, radiyallahu ‘anhu, said, “While we were sitting with the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in the masjid, a person entered on a camel. He made the camel sit down and then tied the rope of the camel and then said to them, ‘which one of you is Muhammad?’ and the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, was amongst them, leaning against something. So we said, ‘this fair skinned man who is leaning.’ So the man said to him, ‘son of Abdulmuttalib.’ So the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him, ‘I have answered you.’ The man said to the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, ‘I will as you some questions and be harsh in asking, so do not become angry at me.’ The Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, said, ‘ask me whatever you want to.’ So the man said, ‘I ask you in the name of your lord and the lord of those before you, did Allah send you to all of mankind?’ The Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, replied, ‘by Allah, yes.’ The man said, ‘I ask you in the name of Allah, ‘did Allah command you to pray five times during the day and night?’ The Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, replied, ‘by Allah, yes.’ The man said, ‘I ask you in the name of Allah, ‘did Allah command you to fast this month during the year?’ The Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, replied, ‘by Allah, yes.’ The man said, ‘I ask you in the name of Allah, ‘did Allah command you to take charity from the rich and distribute amongst the poor?’ The Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, replied, ‘by Allah, yes.’ The man proclaimed, “I have believed in what you have come with and I am the messenger of those who are under me from amongst my people, and I am Dimam Ibn Thalabah, brother of Banu Sa’ad Ibn Bakr.’”
And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best
Muhammad Haris Siddiqui
Student Darul Iftaa
Melbourne, Australia
Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.