Answered by Sidi Salman Younas
Question: Does one pray missed prayers during a state of traveler in full if making them up while resident?
Answer: assalamu `alaykum
No, prayers missed while one was a traveler are made up as they were missed, namely shortened. Therefore, a Dhuhr prayer, for example, missed while a traveler is made up as two cycles even when one is making the prayer up as a resident.
This is based on the fact that:
a. Performing prayers shortened is necessary (wajib) when one is a traveler, and
b. Missed prayers are made up as they were obligated on an individual.
Since the obligation relating to the Dhuhr, `Asr, and `Isha prayers is to pray them shortened in a state of travel, one will make these prayers up as they were obligatoed on one. This is regardless of whether one is a traveler or a resident when making up such a prayer.
[Ibn `Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar; Fatawa Hindiyya]
Wassalam
Salman
Checked & Approved by Faraz Rabbani