Answered by: Mufti Muhammad Asadullah Anwar Adam
Question:
Do the shawahid need to be in majlis to witness nikah, or can they be online?
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer:
The marriage of Muslims is not concluded except in the presence of two male witnesses who are free, sane, major Muslims, or one man and two women.[1]
The witnesses will need to be physically present.
Only Allah knows best
Written by Mufti Muhammad Asadullah Anwar Adam
Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham
[1] [Hidayah, volume 3, page 5]
{ولا يعقد نكاح المسلمين إلا بحضور شاهدين حرين عاقلين بالغين مسلمين رجلين أو رجل وامرأتين }