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Misc. Questions about in-laws.

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

1. If a husband asks his wife to live with his parents and serve them and she refuses to do so, is she sinning? Is that an act of disobedience?

2. What rights do parents have on their son’s wife? 

3. How does Islam protect the interests of the woman post marriage, in case of tyrant and difficult in-laws?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

Sister in Islam,

  1. According to Shariah, the Husband should provide separate shelter for his wife if he has the means to do so.1

If he requests her to live with his parents, she is not obliged to do so. If she agrees to live with her in-laws and serves them, she will be rewarded. If she refuses to stay with them, she will not be sinning.2

  1. Parents have no rights over their son’s wife.3
  1. The above two laws of Shariah sufficiently protects a woman from abuse. She will live by herself and she has no obligation towards her in-laws.

Sister, the above is a principal answer. However, we cannot ignore the practical realities of a marital life.

A wife should understand that her husband is a son to his parents. He had lived with them all his life. There is a strong bond between the parents and the son. The marriage of the son cannot severe the bond. It is natural for the son to love and care for his parents.

A successful marriage is based on sacrifices and compromises. If the wife sacrifices herself to serve the husbands parents, that will be valued by them. There may be instances where the wife would require her husband to serve her parents or some family member. If he does so, the wife will value that and that attitude will enhance the love between the two.

Tolerance and sacrifice are the foremost ingredients to overcome the challenges in life.

We make dua Allah Taala grant you a happy and successful marriage. Ameen.

For further reference on the issue you may refer to the Ideal Woman website of my beloved ustaad, Hazrat Mufti Ebrahim Saheb Hafidhahullah.

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Huzaifah Deedat

Student Darul Iftaa
Lusaka, Zambia 

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

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الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 600) 

(قوله وكذا تجب لها) أي للزوجة السكنى أي الإسكان، وتقدم أن اسم النفقة يعمها؛ لكنه أفردها؛ لأن لها حكما يخصها نهر (قوله خال عن أهله إلخ) ؛ لأنها تتضرر بمشاركة غيرها فيه؛؛ لأنها لا تأمن على متاعها ويمنعها ذلك من المعاشرة مع زوجها ومن الاستمتاع إلا أن تختار ذلك؛ لأنها رضيت بانتقاص حقها هداية


العناية شرح الهداية (4/ 397)

لَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ بَيَانِ النَّفَقَةِ شَرَعَ فِي بَيَانِ السُّكْنَى. قَالَ (وَعَلَى الزَّوْجِ أَنْ يُسْكِنَهَا فِي دَارٍ مُفْرَدَةٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ إلَّا أَنْ تَخْتَارَ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ السُّكْنَى مِنْ كِفَايَتِهَا فَتَجِبُ لَهَا كَالنَّفَقَةِ، وَقَدْ أَوْجَبَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَقْرُونًا بِالنَّفَقَةِ) حَيْثُ قَالَ {أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنْتُمْ مِنْ وُجْدِكُمْ} [الطلاق: 6] وَفِي قِرَاءَةِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ” أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنْتُمْ وَأَنْفِقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ وُجْدِكُمْ ” (وَإِذَا وَجَبَ السُّكْنَى حَقًّا لَهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُشْرِكَ غَيْرَهَا فِيهَا لِأَنَّهَا تَتَضَرَّرُ بِهِ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَأْمَنُ عَلَى مَتَاعِهَا وَيَمْنَعُهَا ذَلِكَ مِنْ الْمُعَاشَرَةِ وَمِنْ الِاسْتِمْتَاعِ) وَكَلَامُهُ وَاضِحٌ

 

البناية شرح الهداية (5/ 681)

 (وإذا وجب الإسكان) ش: حال كونه. م: (حقا لها، فليس له أن يشرك غيرها فيه، لأنها تتضرر به) ش: أي بإسكان الغير معها. م: (لأنها لا تأمن على متاعها) ش: وأثاث بيتها. م: (ويمنعها) ش: أي إسكان الغير معها

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 601)

 ذات اليسار لا بد من إفرادها في دار،

 

2الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 601)

قلت: وفي البدائع: ولو أراد أن يسكنها مع ضرتها أو مع أحمائها كأمه وأخته وبنته فأبت فعليه أن يسكنها في منزل منفرد؛ لأن إباءها دليل الأذى والضرر ولأنه محتاج إلى جماعها ومعاشرتها في أي وقت يتفق لا يمكن ذلك مع ثالث؛ حتى لو كان في الدار بيوت وجعل لبيتها غلقا على حدة قالوا ليس لها أن تطالبه بآخر. اهـ فهذا صريح في أن المعتبر عدم وجدان أحد في البيت لا في الدار

3Fatawa Mahmoodiyyah Volume 20 Page 136 Mahmoodiyyah.

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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