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Translation Of The Word “Hasanah” In في الدنيا حسنة

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Darulifta Azaadville

Question:

What is the translation of the word “Hasanah” in the dua: رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

Answer:

The linguistic English translation of the Arabic word ‘Hasanah’ is goodness.

The Ulamaa and Mufassiroon (Qur’an commentators) have given many explanations of the word ‘Hasanah’ in the Du’aa “Rabbana Aatinaa fid dunya Hasanah wa fil Aakhirati Hasanah waqina ‘adhaban-nar”

The meaning of the complete Du’aa is, “Our Rabb, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.”

Hereunder, we will mention a few explanations given by the Ulamah of the word ‘Hasanah’:

Hasanah in this world refers to health, safety, pious children, a pious wife, beneficial virtuous actions, help against ones enemies, sufficiency (Barakah) in lawful livelihood and beneficial knowledge. 

Hasanah in the Hereafter refers to Jannah. 

Some Ulamah mentioned that ‘Hasanah’ refers to the bounties of this world and the Hereafter. 

Allama Aaloosi mentions that the word ‘Hasanah’ refers to all goodness. 

In Maariful Quraan Mufti Shafi mentions, (volume 1 page 507)

“The word, :حسنة (Hasanah) used here is inclusive of all that is good inwardly and outwardly. For instance, Hasanah or ‘good in this world’ shall include personal and family health, increase and benedictory sufficiency (Barakah) in lawful livelihood, the fulfilment of all needs, virtues deeds, desirable morals, beneficial knowledge, honour and prestige, strength of faith, guidance into the straight path and perfect sincerity in Ibaadat. Similarly, Hasanah or ‘good in the Hereafter’ shall cover everything of paradise, with its countless and endless blessings to the pleasure of Allah Almighty and the privilege of seeing Him.

In short, this Du’aa is a compendium of all prayers in as much as it encompasses the entire range of man’s worldly and other-worldly objectives. Apart from enjoying peace in the world, and peace in the Hereafter, the verse, refers in the end to the safety from ‘the punishment of Fire’ as well. It was for this reason that the Rasulullah ﷺ used to implore with these words very frequently” 

Checked and Approved By:

Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.

  وَمِنۡهُم مَّن یَقُولُ رَبَّنَاۤ ءَاتِنَا فِی ٱلدُّنۡیَا حَسَنَةࣰ وَفِی ٱلۡـَٔاخِرَةِ حَسَنَةࣰ وَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ (٢٠١) أُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ لَهُمۡ نَصِیبࣱ مِّمَّا كَسَبُوا۟ۚ وَٱللَّهُ سَرِیعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ (٢٠٢)﴾ 

أمّا قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ومِنهم مَن يَقُولُ رَبَّنا آتِنا في الدُّنْيا حَسَنَةً وفي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وقِنا عَذابَ النّارِ﴾ فالمُفَسِّرُونَ ذَكَرُوا فِيهِ وُجُوهًا:أحَدُها: أنَّ الحَسَنَةَ في الدُّنْيا عِبارَةٌ عَنِ الصِّحَّةِ، والأمْنِ، والكِفايَةِ والوَلَدِ الصّالِحِ، والزَّوْجَةِ الصّالِحَةِ، والنُّصْرَةِ عَلى الأعْداءِ، وقَدْ سَمّى اللَّهُ تَعالى الخِصْبَ والسَّعَةَ في الرِّزْقِ
(ج5 ص337 -تفسير الرازي )

وَحَسَنَةُ الْآخِرَةِ: الْجَنَّةُ بِإِجْمَاعٍ
(ج2 ص433 – تفسير القرطبي )

وَالَّذِي عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالْحَسَنَتَيْنِ نِعَمُ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ. وَهَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ
(ج2 ص432 – تفسير القرطبي )

والظّاهِرُ أنَّ الحَسَنَةَ وإنْ كانَتْ نَكِرَةً في الإثْباتِ، وهي لا تَعُمُّ إلّا أنَّها مُطْلَقَةٌ، فَتَنْصَرِفُ إلى الكامِلِ والحَسَنَةُ الكامِلَةُ في الدُّنْيا ما يَشْمَلُ جَمِيعَ حَسَناتِها، وهو تَوْفِيقُ الخَيْرِ وبَيانُها بِشَيْءٍ مَخْصُوصٍ لَيْسَ مِن بابِ تَعْيِينِ المُرادِ؛ إذْ لا دَلالَةَ لِلْمُطْلَقِ عَلى المُقَيَّدِ أصْلًا، وإنَّما هو مِن بابِ التَّمْثِيلِ، وكَذا الكَلامُ في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً﴾
(ج1 ص486 – تفسير الآلوسي) 

اس میں لفظ حسنتہ تمام ظاہری اور باطنی خوبیوں اور بھلائیوں کو شامل ہے ، مثلا دنیا کی حسنہ میں بدن کی صحت ، اہل وعیال کی صحت، رزق حلال میں وسعت وبرکت دنیوی سب ضروریات کا پورا ہونا اعمال صالحہ ، اخلاق محمودہ علم نافع ، عزت و وجاہت، عقائد کی درستی صراط مستقیم کی ہدایت ، عبادات میں اخلاص کامل سب داخل ہیں، اور آخرت کی حسنہ میں جنت اور اس کی بے شمار اور لازوال نعمتیں اور حق تعالی کی رضا اوراس کا دیداریہ سب چیزیں شامل ہیں

This answer was collected from the official Ifta website of Darul Uloom Azaadville, South Africa. Most of the answers are checked and approved by Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.

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