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I read your Fatwa # 17927 from South Africa dated 14th may 09 regarding recitation of quranic verses over the deceased in the graveyard like surah fatiha , yaseen , ikhlas etc

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Fatwa #  17927  from South Africa   

as salam alai kum ,

I read your Fatwa #  17927  from South Africa   dated  14th may 09 regarding recitation of quranic verses  over the deceased in the graveyard like surah fatiha , yaseen , ikhlas etc ..

Can you please provide any authentic hadeeth which says this is permissible to do so . As far as i have read our beloved Prophet ( peace be upon him ) when he would complete the burial of the deceased he would stand over it and say:

“Seek forgiveness for your brother and ask for his steadfastness for indeed he is now being questioned.”

Is there any narration which proves that we are allowed to recite quran or quranic verses  over the deceased in the graveyard ?

barakallah feekum

Answer

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful


Assalaamu `alaykum waRahmatullahi Wabarakatuh

Hereunder are the proofs for Fatwa #17927 from Ahadith and the view of the Fuqaha:

قال السيوطي : وبالأحاديث الآتي ذكرها وهي وإن كانت ضعيفة فمجموعها يدل على أن لذلك أصلا وبأن المسلمين ما زالوا في كل عصر يجتمعون ويقرؤون لموتاهم من غير نكير فكان ذلك إجماعا ذكر ذلك كله الحافظ شمس الدين بن عبد الواحد المقدسي الحنبلي في جزء ألفه في المسألة (شرح الصدور,269,دار الفكر)

Imam Suyutiرحمه الله تعالى said: Through the Ahadith which has been mentioned, although it is weak, by gathering them together indicate that there is a basis for it. Indeed, Muslims always gathered and recited for their deceased in every time, without rejection, this is consensus. Hafiz Shamsudeen bin Abdil Waahid Almaqdasi Alhambali رحمه الله تعالى had mentioned all of this in a book he authored regarding this Mas’ala.

(Sharhus Sudur p269 Darul Fikr)

 

عن معقل بن يسار الصحابي رضي الله عنه ، أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : ” اقرؤوا يس على موتاكم “.

قلت : إسناده ضعيف ، فيه مجهولان ، لكن لم يضعفه أبو داود (الاذكار)

Hazrat M’aqal ibni Yasaar رضي الله عنه narrates that Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم said: “Read Yaseen upon your dead.” (The chain of narrators is weak, two narrators are unknown; however, Abu Dawud has not termed it “weak”. (Al Adthkaar)

عن أنس أن رسول الله قال من دخل المقابر فقرأ سورة يس خفف الله عنهم وكان له بعدد من فيها حسنات (شرح الصدور,270 ,دار الفكر)

Hazrat Anas رضي الله عنه narrates that indeed Rasulullah said “Whoever enters the graveyard should recite Surah Yaseen. Allah will make it easy for the inmates and he will attain good to the amount of people in it (graveyard).

(Sharhus Sudur p270 Darul Fikr)

عن علي مرفوعا من مر على المقابر وقرأ قل هو الله أحد إحدى عشرة مرة ثم وهب أجره للأموات أعطى من الأجر بعدد الأموات(شرح الصدور,269,دار الفكر)

Narrated from Hazrat Ali رضي الله عنه (from Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم) “Whoever passes a graveyard and recites “Qul Huwal lahu Ahad” eleven times then conveys its reward to the dead; he will be given the reward according to the number of the dead.”

(Sharhus Sudur p269 Darul Fikr)

 

عن أبي هريرة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم من دخل المقابر ثم قرأ فاتحة الكتاب وقل هو الله أحد وألهاكم التكاثر ثم قال إني جعلت ثواب ما قرأت من كلامك لأهل المقابر من المؤمنين والمؤمنات كانوا شفعاء له إلى الله تعالى (شرح الصدور,269,دار الفكر)

 Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه said Rasulullah said “Whoever enters the graveyard then recites “Surah Fatiha”, “Qul Huwalahu Ahad” and “Alhaa kumut Takaathur”, then says “Indeed , I have given the reward of that which I have recited of Your speech to the believing males and female inmates of the grave”;They will be an intercession for him by Allah.”

(Sharhus Sudur p269 Darul Fikr)

وقال محمد بن أحمد المروزى سمعت أحمد بن حنبل يقول إذا دخلتم المقابر فاقرءوا بفاتحة الكتاب والمعوذتين وقل هو الله أحد واجعلوا ثواب ذلك لأهل المقابر فإنه يصل إليهم (احياء,5164,دار الحديث)

Muhammed bin Ahmed Almarwazi رحمه الله تعالى said “I heard Imam Ahmed bin Hambal رحمه الله تعالى saying “When you enter the graveyard, recite Surah Fatiha, the Mu’awwa thatain (Qul ‘A uthu birabil Falaq and Qul ‘A uthu birabin Naas) and Qul Huwal lahu Ahad and pass the reward thereof to the inmates of the grave, indeed it will reach them.

(Ihyaa vol.5 p164 Darul Hadith)

وفي شرح اللباب ويقرأ من القرآن ماتيسر له من الفاتحة وأول البقرة إلى المفلحون وآية الكرسي ( البقرة 225 )

{ آمن الرسول } البقرة 285 وسورة يس وتبارك الملك وسورة التكاثر والإخلاص اثني عشر مرة

أو عشرا أو سبعا أو ثلاثا ثم يقول اللهم أوصل ثواب ما قرأناه إلى فلان أو إليهم اه (حاشية ابن عابدين,2243)

“He should recite that which is easy for him of the Quran from Surah Fatiha, the beginning of Surah Baqarah (till Muflihun), Aayatul Kursi, the last verses of Surah Baqarah (Aamanar Rasoolu), Surah Yaseen, Surah Tabaarak, Surah Alhaakumu Takaathur and Surah Ikhlaas eleven, ten, seven or three times; then say “Oh Allah, convey the reward of that which we recited to “this person” or “to them” (whoever he intends to convey the reward to).

(Ibni ‘Aabideen vol.2. P243)

قال النووي :ويستحب إن يقرأ من القرآن ما تيسر ويدعو لهم عقبها(المجموع,باب التعزية والبكاء علي الميت/ شرح الصدور,269,دار الفكر)

Imam Nawawi رحمه الله تعالى said “It is preferable to recite that which is easy of the Quran and thereafter, make Dua for them. (Deceased)

(Sharhus Sudur p269 Darul Fikr)

And Allah knows best

Wassalamu Alaikum

Ml. Zakariyya bin Ahmed,
Student Darul Iftaa

Checked and Approved by:

Mufti Ebrahim Desai
Darul Iftaa, Madrassah In’aamiyyah


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This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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