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Unable to fast due to severe weakness.

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Fatwa-TT.com
Question:

AAssalamu alaikum. This is regarding fasting in Ramadan. I suffer from PCOD (due to which I get terrible cramps in my stomach from time to time) and am also a diabetic medicine for the treatment although I’m not diabetic Alhamdulillah. However whenever I fast I get extremely weak and get a terrible  headache I get so weak that when I go in sujood I don’t feel like getting back up. So this Ramadan  I tried fasting and the stomach pain and headache along with the weakness is too much to handle although I’m doing my best to fast. Can I be exempted from fasting this year due to severity of my health. Thank you

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

If one experiences headaches and weakness etc. during fasting, the first resort is to eat properly at Sehri and exercise caution throughout the day in not undertaking tiring tasks, as to not put oneself into a position where one would have to break the fast.

After trying your best to fast, if you still unable to do so because of severe weakness and pain due to your medical condition, or you fear your condition would worsen, then you would be exempted from fasting.[1] You would have to make Qadha (make up) for the missed fasts after Ramadan. However, if your health improves during Ramadan, or you feel you are capable of fasting, you would have to do so.

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Arshad Ali

Darul Iftaa, Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad)

www.fatwa-tt.com

[1] بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (2/ 94)

أَمَّا الْمَرَضُ فَالْمُرَخِّصُ مِنْهُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُخَافُ أَنْ يَزْدَادَ بِالصَّوْمِ وَإِلَيْهِ وَقَعَتْ الْإِشَارَةُ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ.

فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ خَافَ إنْ لَمْ يُفْطِرْ أَنْ تَزْدَادَ عَيْنَاهُ وَجَعًا، أَوْ حُمَّاهُ شِدَّةً أَفْطَرَ، وَذَكَرَ الْكَرْخِيُّ فِي مُخْتَصَرِهِ: أَنَّ الْمَرَضَ الَّذِي يُبِيحُ الْإِفْطَارَ هُوَ مَا يُخَافُ مِنْهُ الْمَوْتُ، أَوْ زِيَادَةُ الْعِلَّةِ كَائِنًا مَا كَانَتْ الْعِلَّةُ.

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ أَنَّهُ إنْ كَانَ بِحَالٍ يُبَاحُ لَهُ أَدَاءُ صَلَاةِ الْفَرْضِ قَاعِدًا فَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يُفْطِرَ، وَالْمُبِيحُ الْمُطْلَقُ بَلْ الْمُوجِبُ هُوَ الَّذِي يُخَافُ مِنْهُ الْهَلَاكُ لِأَنَّ فِيهِ إلْقَاءَ النَّفْسِ إلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ لَا لِإِقَامَةِ حَقِّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَهُوَ الْوُجُوبُ، وَالْوُجُوبُ لَا يَبْقَى فِي هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ، وَإِنَّهُ حَرَامٌ فَكَانَ الْإِفْطَارُ مُبَاحًا بَلْ وَاجِبًا وَأَمَّا السَّفَرُ فَالْمُرَخِّصُ مِنْهُ هُوَ مُطْلَقُ السَّفَرِ الْمُقَدَّرِ، وَالْأَصْلُ فِيهِمَا قَوْله تَعَالَى {فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ} [البقرة: 184] أَيْ: فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا، أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَأَفْطَرَ بِعُذْرِ الْمَرَضِ، وَالسَّفَرِ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ، دَلَّ أَنَّ الْمَرَضَ، وَالسَّفَرَ سَبَبَا الرُّخْصَةِ

[1] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2/ 422)

(قَوْلُهُ خَافَ الزِّيَادَةَ) أَوْ إبْطَاءَ الْبُرْءِ أَوْ فَسَادَ عُضْوٍ بِحَرٍّ أَوْ وَجَعَ الْعَيْنِ أَوْ جِرَاحَةً أَوْ صُدَاعًا أَوْ غَيْرَهُ، وَمِثْلُهُ مَا إذَا كَانَ يُمَرِّضُ الْمَرْضَى قُهُسْتَانِيٌ ط أَيْ بِأَنْ يَعُولَهُمْ وَيَلْزَمَ مِنْ صَوْمِهِ ضَيَاعُهُمْ وَهَلَاكُهُمْ لِضَعْفِهِ عَنْ الْقِيَامِ بِهِمْ إذَا صَامَ (قَوْلُهُ وَصَحِيحٍ خَافَ الْمَرَضَ) أَيْ بِغَلَبَةِ الظَّنِّ كَمَا يَأْتِي، فَمَا فِي شَرْحِ الْمَجْمَعِ مِنْ أَنَّهُ لَا يُفْطِرُ مَحْمُولٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالْخَوْفِ مُجَرَّدُ الْوَهْمِ كَمَا فِي الْبَحْرِ وَالشُّرُنْبَلاليّ

This answer was collected from Fatwa-tt.com, which is operated by the Darul Iftaa of Jaamia Madinatul Uloom (Trinidad and Tobago) under the advice and guidance of Mufti Ebrahim Desai (Daamat Barakaatuhum) of South Africa.

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