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How to make up for some neglected prayers and some with no purity?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Fatwaa.com

I reached the age of maturity at around 10 I think and I’m 16 now. I started praying correctly almost a year ago. When I first entered puberty it wasn’t because of menses it was because I had gotten pubic hair. Even though I was mature, I was still only 10 so my parents didn’t make it known to me that prayer and fasting was obligatory for me. So i neglected both praying and fasting a lot. My question is about prayer. I go to an Islamic school so we would pray Dhuhr and Somtimes Asr at school. But those were the only times I prayed. Only because the teachers made us pray those at school. When I would get home I wouldn’t pray at all. And even when I did pray Dhuhr and Asr at school I wouldn’t go to make Wudu, I would pray in a state of impurity and i wouldn’t even say anything in prayer. I would just be moving along with everyone else. So technically I don’t think I can really regard that as prayer. My question is, what do I do about these prayers to make them up? When I repented almost a year ago so I can begin to pray correctly I looked at different scholarly opinions. So far I’ve been following the opinion that I don’t have to make up for these prayers and I’ve been doing lots of sunnah prayers to make them up. But now I’m doubting that and wondering if I should make these prayers up. If I do have to make the prayers up please detail me in how I should do so. How many of each prayer I should make up. Should I not make up the prayers I neglected and make up the prayer that I prayed in a state of impurity. Sometimes I would pray even in major in purity when I was on menses. Like I said I wouldn’t even say anything in these prayers, just do the movements. And I only prayed because the teachers made us at school. I feel like I was “pretending” to pray, astaghfirullah. Please help me. I don’t want to pass away without making up for these prayers in the right way as I have genuinely changed now.

Answer

Wa’alaykum as Salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu,

A female becomes Baalighah (reaches the age of puberty) when she experiences her first menstrual period, or if she has a wet dream. You did not become Baalighah by merely getting pubic hair.

If you did not develop a menstrual cycle or get a wet dream by the age of 15, you will then automatically become Baalighah.

It is compulsory for a person to pray all the compulsory prayers which they missed. There are 6 prayers a day which are compulsory: Fajr, Dhuhr, ‘Asr, Maghrib, Isha and Witr.

Just as you have to make up for the prayers that you missed, you will also need to make up for those prayers which you prayed without Wudhu.

When a woman is going through her menstrual cycle, Salah is not compulsory upon her. Hence, you do not have to make up for any prayers which you performed which you had your periods.

In order to determine how many prayers you should make up, first determine when did you become Baalighah. Then see your habit of Haidh, and subtract that. Multiply the remaining days by the amount of months from then until now. For each, you will have to pray the six prayers mentioned above.

And Allaah Ta’aala knows best

Wassalaam,

Ismail Moosa (Mufti)

References

أما العلامة فلأن البلوغ بالإنزال حقيقة والحبل والإحبال لا يكون إلا مع الإنزال وكذا الحيض في أوان الحبل فجعل كل ذلك علامة البلوغ وأدنى المدة لذلك في حق الغلام اثنتا عشرة سنة وفي حق الجارية تسع سنين (الهداية شرح البداية – 3 / 284) 

 (وعندهما) والأئمة الثلاثة (إذا تم خمس عشرة سنة فيهما) أي في الغلام والجارية (وهو رواية عن الإمام وبه يفتى) ؛ لأن علامة البلوغ لا تتأخر عن هذه المدة فيهما غالبا (مجمع الأنهر في شرح ملتقى الأبحر – 2 / 444)

( والجارية بالحيض والاحتلام والحبل وإلا فحتى يتم لها سبع عشرة سنة ) أما الحيض فلأنه يكون في أوان الحبل عادة فجعل ذلك علامة البلوغ وأما الحبل فلأنه دليل على الإنزال لأن الولد يخلق من ماء الرجل والمرأة غير أن النساء نشوهن وإدراكهن أسرع فزدنا سنة في حق الغلام لاشتمالها على الفصول الأربع التي منها ما يوافق المزاج لا محالة فيقوي فيه

 قال رحمه الله ( ويفتى بالبلوغ فيهما بخمسة عشر سنة ) عند أبي يوسف ومحمد وهذا ظاهر لا يحتاج إلى الشرح

 قال رحمه الله ( وأدنى المدة في حقه اثنتا عشرة سنة وفي حقها تسع سنين ) يعني لو ادعيا البلوغ في هذه المدة تقبل منهما ولا تقبل فيما دون ذلك لأن الظاهر تكذيبه

 قال في العناية ثم قيل إنما يعتبر قوله بالبلوغ إذا بلغ اثنتي عشرة سنة فأكثر وقد أشار إليه بقوله أدنى المدة وهذه المدة مذكورة في النهاية وغيرها ولا يعرف إلا سماعا أو بالتتبع  (البحر الرائق – 8/ 96)

قال: (وبلوغ الغلام بالاحتلام أو الإحبال، أو الإنزال، أو بلوغ ثماني عشرة سنة. والجارية بالاحتلام، أو الحيض، أو الحبل، أو بلوغ سبع عشرة سنة) لأن حقيقة البلوغ بالاحتلام والإنزال. قال – عليه الصلاة والسلام -: «خذ من كل حالم وحالمة دينارا» أي بالغ وبالغة، والحبل والإحبال لا يكون إلا به، والحيض علامة البلوغ أيضا، قال – عليه الصلاة والسلام -: «لا صلاة لحائض إلا بخمار» أي بالغ ; وأما البلوغ بالسن فالمذكور مذهب أبي حنيفة، وقالا: بلوغهما بتمام خمس عشرة سنة لأنه المعتاد الغالب. (الاختيار لتعليل المختار- 2/ 95)

This answer was collected from Fatwaa.com which is an excellent Q&A site managed by Mufti Ismail Moosa from South Africa. .

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