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Where is the grave of Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu)?

Answered by 

Assalamualaikum,ย 

Are there any virtues for visiting the grave of Hazrat Hussain Radiallahuanhu?

I have heard that Ali radiallahuanhu did not wish to disclose the location of his grave before he passed away. Do we then agree that the location of his grave is at the Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq?

Jazakallah

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salฤmu โ€˜alaykum wa-rahmatullฤhi wa-barakฤtuh.

Visiting the grave of Hadhrat Husain (Radhiyallahu Anhu) does not hold any more virtue than visiting the grave of any other Sahabi, or pious person. Furthermore, visiting the graves of the pious servants of Allah is a recommended act. Visiting graveyards was a Sunnah of Rasulullah (๏ทบ) and he encouraged people to do so. Consider the following Ahadith:

ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฆูุดูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽุชู’: ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ูƒูู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู„ูŽูŠู’ู„ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุขุฎูุฑู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽูŠู’ู„ู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽู‚ููŠุนูุŒ ููŽูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู: ยซุงู„ุณู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูู…ู’ ุฏูŽุงุฑูŽ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู…ู ู…ูุคู’ู…ูู†ููŠู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽุชูŽุงูƒูู…ู’ ู…ูŽุง ุชููˆุนูŽุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุบูŽุฏู‹ุงุŒ ู…ูุคูŽุฌู‘ูŽู„ููˆู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽุงุŒ ุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ูุŒ ุจููƒูู…ู’ ู„ูŽุงุญูู‚ููˆู†ูŽุŒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ูู…ู‘ูŽุŒ ุงุบู’ููุฑู’ ู„ูุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ู ุจูŽู‚ููŠุนู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุฑู’ู‚ูŽุฏูยป ยป

Translation: Hadhrat Aโ€™isha (Radhiyallahu Anha) narrates that whenever it was her turn to spend the night with Rasulullah (๏ทบ) he used to go to the Baqi (graveyard) in the last portion of the night and say: โ€œMay you be safe, O abode of the believing people. What you have been promised has come to you. You are tarried till tomorrow and certainly we shall follow you if Allah wills. O Allah, forgive the inmates of the Baqi-al-Gharqad.โ€ (Sahih Muslim)[1]

ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงุจู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุณู’ุนููˆุฏูุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู โ€“ ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: โ€œูƒูู†ู’ุชู ู†ูŽู‡ูŽูŠู’ุชููƒูู…ู’ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฒููŠูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจููˆุฑูุŒ ููŽุฒููˆุฑููˆู‡ูŽุงุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุชูุฒูŽู‡ู‘ูุฏู ูููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู†ู’ูŠูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุชูุฐูŽูƒู‘ูุฑู ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูุฑูŽุฉูŽโ€

Translation: Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Masโ€™ud (Radhiyallahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (๏ทบ) said: โ€œI used to forbid you from visiting graves. Now, do visit them, for it (visiting graves) makes one ascetic of the world and reminds one of the hereafter.โ€ (Sunan ibn Majah) [2]

As for the exact location of the grave of Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu), there are multiple differing reports concerning where Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) was buried. However, it would be incorrect to say that the grave of Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) is at the โ€œImam Ali Mosqueโ€ in Najaf, Iraq. The best opinion is that the exact location of the grave of Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) is unknown. [3][4][5][6][7]

And Allah Taโ€™ฤla Knows Best

Abdullah ibn Mohammed Aijaz

Student Darul Iftaa
Baltimore, USA

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.


ุตุญูŠุญ ู…ุณู„ู… (2/ 669) [1]

102 โ€“ (974) ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰ ุจู’ู†ู ูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽู…ููŠู…ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰ ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽูŠู‘ููˆุจูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูุชูŽูŠู’ุจูŽุฉู ุจู’ู†ู ุณูŽุนููŠุฏู โ€“ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰ ุจู’ู†ู ูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰: ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุงุŒ ูˆู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูŽุฑูŽุงู†ู: โ€“ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุฅูุณู’ู…ูŽุงุนููŠู„ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุดูŽุฑููŠูƒู ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู†ูŽู…ูุฑูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุทูŽุงุกู ุจู’ู†ู ูŠูŽุณูŽุงุฑูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฆูุดูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽุชู’: ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ูƒูู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู„ูŽูŠู’ู„ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุขุฎูุฑู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽูŠู’ู„ู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽู‚ููŠุนูุŒ ููŽูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู: ยซุงู„ุณู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ูƒูู…ู’ ุฏูŽุงุฑูŽ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู…ู ู…ูุคู’ู…ูู†ููŠู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽุชูŽุงูƒูู…ู’ ู…ูŽุง ุชููˆุนูŽุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุบูŽุฏู‹ุงุŒ ู…ูุคูŽุฌู‘ูŽู„ููˆู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽุงุŒ ุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ูุŒ ุจููƒูู…ู’ ู„ูŽุงุญูู‚ููˆู†ูŽุŒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ูู…ู‘ูŽุŒ ุงุบู’ููุฑู’ ู„ูุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ู ุจูŽู‚ููŠุนู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุฑู’ู‚ูŽุฏูยป ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูู‚ูู…ู’ ู‚ูุชูŽูŠู’ุจูŽุฉู ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽู‡ู ยซูˆูŽุฃูŽุชูŽุงูƒูู…ู’ยป

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[ุดุฑุญ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ูุคุงุฏ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ]

ย [ย  ุด (ุงู„ุจู‚ูŠุน) ู…ุฏูู† ุฃู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ (ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุฏุงุฑ ู‚ูˆู… ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู†) ุฏุงุฑ ู…ู†ุตูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุฏุงุก ุฃูŠ ูŠุง ุฃู‡ู„ ุฏุงุฑ ูุญุฐู ุงู„ู…ุถุงู ูˆุฃู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู…ุถุงู ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู‚ุงู…ู‡ ูˆู‚ูŠู„ ู…ู†ุตูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุตุงุต ู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ุฎุทุงุจูŠ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฃู† ุงุณู… ุงู„ุฏุงุฑ ูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจุฑ ู‚ุงู„ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุตุญูŠุญ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุชู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุจุน ุงู„ู…ุณูƒูˆู† ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุฑุงุจ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฃู‡ูˆู„ (ุจู‚ูŠุน ุงู„ุบุฑู‚ุฏ) ุงู„ุจู‚ูŠุน ู…ุฏูู† ุฃู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุณู…ูŠ ุจู‚ูŠุน ุงู„ุบุฑู‚ุฏ ู„ุบุฑู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ ูˆู‡ูˆู…ุง ุนุธู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุณุฌ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ู„ูุธ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุงูƒู† ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุญูŠ ูˆู…ูŠุช]

ุณู†ู† ุงุจู† ู…ุงุฌู‡ ุช ุงู„ุฃุฑู†ุคูˆุท (2/ 511) [2]

ย โ€“ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ูŠููˆู†ูุณู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู‰ุŒ ุญูŽุฏู‘ุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุงุจู’ู†ู ูˆูŽู‡ู’ุจูุŒ ุฃูŽุฎุจูŽุฑู†ูŽุง ุงุจู’ู†ู ุฌูุฑูŽูŠู’ุฌูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽูŠู‘ููˆุจูŽ ุจู’ู†ู ู‡ูŽุงู†ูุฆูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูŽุณู’ุฑููˆู‚ู ุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุฌู’ุฏูŽุนู 1571

ย ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงุจู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุณู’ุนููˆุฏูุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู โ€“ ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: โ€œูƒูู†ู’ุชู ู†ูŽู‡ูŽูŠู’ุชููƒูู…ู’ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฒููŠูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจููˆุฑูุŒ ููŽุฒููˆุฑููˆู‡ูŽุงุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุชูุฒูŽู‡ู‘ูุฏู ูููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู†ู’ูŠูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุชูุฐูŽูƒู‘ูุฑู ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูุฑูŽุฉูŽโ€ (1).

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(1) ุตุญูŠุญ ู„ุบูŠุฑู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฅุณู†ุงุฏ ุถุนูŠูุŒ ุงุจู† ุฌุฑูŠุฌ -ูˆู‡ูˆ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒ ุจู† ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒ- ู…ุฏู„ุณ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฑูˆุงู‡ ุจุงู„ุนู†ุนู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุฃูŠูˆุจ ุจู† ู‡ุงู†ุฆ ุถุนูู‡ ุงุจู† ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุฃุจูˆ ุญุงุชู…: ุดูŠุฎ ุตุงู„ุญุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ุฏุงุฑู‚ุทู†ูŠ: ูŠูุนุชุจุฑ ุจู‡ุŒ ูˆุฐูƒุฑู‡ ุงุจู† ุญุจุงู† ููŠ โ€œุงู„ุซู‚ุงุชโ€. ุงุจู† ูˆู‡ุจ. ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡.

ูˆุฃุฎุฑุฌู‡ ู…ุทูˆู„ู‹ุง ูˆู…ุฎุชุตุฑู‹ุง ุงู„ุดุงุดูŠ (937)ุŒ ูˆุงุจู† ุญุจุงู† (981)ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุจูŠู‡ู‚ูŠ 4/ 77 ู…ู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงุจู† ูˆู‡ุจุŒ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅุณู†ุงุฏ.

ูˆุฃุฎุฑุฌู‡ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ุฑุฒุงู‚ (6714) ุนู† ุงุจู† ุฌุฑูŠุฌ ู‚ุงู„: ุญูุฏุซุช ุนู† ู…ุณุฑูˆู‚ ุจู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฏุนุŒ ุจู‡ุŒ ูุฃุณู‚ุท ู‡ุงู†ุฆ ุจู† ุฃูŠูˆุจ.

ูˆุฃุฎุฑุฌู‡ ุฃุญู…ุฏ (4319)ุŒ ูˆุฃุจูˆ ูŠุนู„ู‰ (5299) ู…ู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ูุฑู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุจูŽุฎูŠุŒ ุนู† ุฌุงุจุฑ ุจู† ูŠุฒูŠุฏุŒ ุนู† ู…ุณุฑูˆู‚ุŒ ุนู† ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ู…ุฑููˆุนู‹ุง. ูˆูุฑู‚ุฏ ูˆุฌุงุจุฑ ุถุนูŠูุงู†.

ูˆุชุดู‡ุฏ ู„ู‡ ุฃุญุงุฏูŠุซู ุงู„ุจุงุจู ุงู„ุณุงู„ูุฉ ู‚ุจู„ู‡.

ูˆุญุฏูŠุซ ุจุฑูŠุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุณู„ู… (1977) (37).

ย ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ ูˆุฐูŠูˆู„ู‡ ุท ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠุฉ (1/ 146) [3]

ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุงุจู† ุจุดุฑุงู† ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุงู„ุญุณูŠู† ุจู† ุตููˆุงู† ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุงุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ู†ูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ู…ุญู…ู‘ุฏ ุงุจู† ุณุนุฏ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ู…ุญู…ู‘ุฏ ุจู† ุนู…ุฑ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุนูู…ูŽุฑ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุญุณูŠู† ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู’ู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽู‚ููŠู„ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุณู…ุนุช ุงุจู’ู† ุงู„ุญู†ููŠุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุญุงู ุญูŠู† ุฏุฎู„ุช ุฅุญุฏู‰ ูˆุซู…ุงู†ูˆู†: ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ูˆุณุชูˆู† ุณู†ุฉ ู‚ุฏ ุฌุงูˆุฒุช ุณู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ. ู‚ู„ุช: ูˆูƒู… ูƒุงู†ุช ุณู†ู‡ ูŠูˆู… ู‚ุชู„ุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุซู„ุงุซ ูˆุณุชูˆู† [1] . ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุณุนุฏ: ูˆุฏูู† ุนู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุณุฌุฏ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน ููŠ ู‚ุตุฑ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุฉ.

ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุงุจู† ุฑุฒู‚ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุนููŠุณูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูƒููˆูููŠู‘ู ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุจุฃู†ุง ู…ุญู…ู‘ุฏ ุงุจู† ู…ูŽู†ู’ุตููˆุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฑูŽุงุฏููŠู‘ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑู- ูŠูŽุนู’ู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏูŽ ุจู’ู†ูŽ ุนููŠุณูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุนูู„ูŽูˆููŠู‘ูŽ- ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฌูŽุฏู‘ูู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฏูŽููŽู†ู’ุชู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทูŽุงู„ูุจู ูููŠ ุญูŽุฌูŽู„ูŽุฉูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ- ูููŠ ุญูุฌู’ุฑูŽุฉู- ู…ูู†ู’ ุฏููˆุฑู ุขู„ู ุฌูŽุนู’ุฏูŽุฉูŽ ุจู’ู†ู ู‡ูุจูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽุฉูŽ.

ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุญู…ุฒุฉ ุจู† ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุจู† ุทุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงู‚ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุงู„ูˆู„ูŠุฏ ุจู† ุจูƒุฑ ุงู„ุฃู†ุฏู„ุณูŠ ู‚ุงู„ ุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู„ูŠ ุจู† ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุจู† ุฒูƒุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู‡ุงุดู…ูŠ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุฃุจูˆ ู…ุณู„ู… ุตุงู„ุญ ุจู† ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุจู† ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ุนุฌู„ูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ูˆุนู„ูŠ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ู‚ุชู„ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉุŒ ู‚ุชู„ู‡ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‘ุญู…ู† ุจู† ู…ู„ุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏูŠุŒ ูˆู‚ุชู„ ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‘ุญู…ู† ุงู„ุญุณู† ุจู† ุนู„ู‰ุŒ ูˆุฏูู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ูู„ุง ูŠุนู„ู… ุฃูŠู† ู…ูˆุถุน ู‚ุจุฑู‡ [2] ุŸ.

ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุงู„ุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุทุงู† ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ ุงู„ุฎุฑุงุณุงู†ูŠ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุฃุจูˆ ุฒูŠุฏ ุจู† ุทุฑูŠู ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุฅุณู…ุงุนูŠู„ ุจู† ู…ูˆุณู‰ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุงุฉ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒ ุจู’ู† ุนู…ูŠุฑ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ู„ู…ุง ุญูุฑ ุฎุงู„ุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฃุณุงุณ ุฏุงุฑ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงุจู†ู‡ุŒ ุงุณุชุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุดูŠุฎุง ู…ุฏููˆู†ุง ุฃุจูŠุถ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ูˆุงู„ู„ุญูŠุฉ. ูู‚ุงู„: ุฃุชุญุจ ุฃู† ุฃุฑูŠูƒ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจุŸ ููƒุดู ู„ูŠ ูุฅุฐุง ุจุดูŠุฎ ุฃุจูŠุถ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ูˆุงู„ู„ุญูŠุฉุŒ ูƒุฃู†ู…ุง ุฏูู† ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุณ ุทุฑูŠ- ูˆุฒุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุฅุณู…ุงุนูŠู„ ุจู’ู† ุจู‡ุฑุงู…- ูู‚ุงู„: ูŠุง ุบู„ุงู… ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจุญุทุจ ูˆู†ุงุฑ. ูู‚ุงู„: ุงู„ู‡ูŠุซู… ุจู† ุงู„ุนุฑุจุงู†ุŒ ุฃุตู„ุญ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูŠุฑ ู„ูŠุณ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู… ู…ู†ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡. ูู‚ุงู„: ูŠุง ุบู„ุงู… ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู‚ุจุงุทูŠุŒ ูู„ูู‡ ููŠู‡ุง ูˆุญู†ุทู‡ ูˆุชุฑูƒู‡ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡.

ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุฒูŽูŠู’ุฏ ุจู’ู† ุทุฑูŠู: ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถุน ุจุญุฐุงุก ุจุงุจ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงู‚ูŠู† ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ุจูŠุช ุฅุณูƒุงูุŒ ูˆู…ุง ูŠูƒุงุฏ ูŠู‚ุฑ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถุน ุฃุญุฏ ุฅู„ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ ุนู†ู‡.

ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุฅูุจู’ุฑูŽุงู‡ููŠู… ุจู’ู† ู…ูŽุฎู’ู„ูŽุฏู ุจู’ู† ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุนูŽุฏู‘ูŽู„ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู†ุง ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุฅูุจู’ุฑูŽุงู‡ููŠู… ุงู„ุญูƒูŠู…ูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู†ุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ู‚ู„ุงุจุฉ.

(ุญ) ูˆูŽุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุจูƒุฑ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจู† ุฅุณุญุงู‚ ุงู„ุญุณู† ุจู† ุฅุจุฑุงู‡ูŠู… ุงู„ุจุบูˆูŠู‘ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒ ุจู’ู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ- ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ู‚ู„ุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุงุดูŠ- ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู† ุจู’ู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุงู„ู†ุฎุนูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฌุงุก ุฑุฌู„ ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุดุฑูŠูƒ ูู‚ุงู„: ุฃูŠู† ู‚ุจุฑ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจุŸ

ูุฃุนุฑุถ ุนู†ู‡ุŒ ุญุชู‰ ุณุฃู„ู‡ ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุฑุงุช. ูู‚ุงู„ ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ: ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู† ุจู’ู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ- ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูุธ ุญุฏูŠุซ ุงู„ุจุบูˆูŠ- ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ูƒ: ูˆูƒู†ุช ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู†ุนูŠู… ูู…ุฑ ู‚ูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ูŠุฑ. ู‚ู„ุช: ุฃูŠู† ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ู‡ุคู„ุงุกุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ูŠุฃุชูˆู† ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ุจุฑ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจุŒ ูุงู„ุชูุช ุฅู„ูŠ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ู†ุนูŠู…. ูู‚ุงู„: ูƒุฐุจูˆุงุŒ ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู† ุงุจู†ู‡ ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ.

ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ู…ูŽุฎู’ู„ูŽุฏู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุฑู‘ูŽุงู‚ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ุจูŽุฃูŽู†ูŽุง ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนู…ุฑุงู† ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุฅุณู…ุงุนูŠู„ ุงู„ุตู‘ูู‘ุงุฑ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุจุฑุฏ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุญุจูŠุจ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุญูˆู„ ู…ู† ู‚ุจุฑ ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ุจุฑ ุฃู…ูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจุŒ ุญูˆู„ู‡ ุงุจู†ู‡ ุงู„ุญุณู†. ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ููŠ ุงู„ุญุณู† ุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุจูƒุฑ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูƒุชุจ ุฅู„ูŠู‘ูŽ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู† ุฅูุจู’ุฑูŽุงู‡ููŠู… ุจู† ุนู…ุฑุงู† ุงู„ุฌูˆุฑูŠ ู…ู† ุดูŠุฑุงุฒ ุฃู† ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุญู…ุฏุงู† ุจู’ู† ุงู„ุฎุถุฑ ุฃุฎุจุฑู‡ู… ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ูŠูˆู†ุณ ุงู„ุถุจูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุญุณุงู† ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฏูู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุตุฑ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน ู„ูŠู„ุงุŒ ูˆุนู…ูŠ ู…ูˆุถุน ู‚ุจุฑู‡. ูˆูŠู‚ุงู„: ุฏูู† ููŠ ู…ูˆุถุน ุงู„ู‚ุตุฑ. ูˆูŠู‚ุงู„: ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุญุจุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู†ุณุจ ุฅู„ูŠู‡. ูˆูŠู‚ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู†ุงุณุฉ [3] .

ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุญุณุงู†: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุฎุนูŠ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุดุฑูŠูƒ: ุฃู† ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู† ุจู’ู† ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุญู…ู„ู‡ ุจุนุฏ ุตู„ุญ ู…ุนุงูˆูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุญุณู† ูุฏูู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ. ูˆูŠู‚ุงู„: ุญู…ู„ู‡ ูุฏูู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุซูˆูŠุฉ. ูˆูŠู‚ุงู„: ุฏูู† ุจุงู„ุจู‚ูŠุน ู…ุน ูุงุทู…ุฉ ุจู†ุช ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‘ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู…ุง [4] .

ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ูŠ ุงู„ุญุณู† ุจู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌูˆู‡ุฑูŠู‘ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃู†ุจุฃู†ุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุญุงุชู… ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุฑุงุฒูŠ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุงู„ุญุณูŠู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู’ู† ุงู„ู‚ุงุณู… ุงู„ุฃุฏูŠุจ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู†ุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุงู„ููŠุถ ุตุงู„ุญ ุงุจู† ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ู†ู‘ุญูˆูŠู‘ ู‚ุงู„ ู†ุง ุตุงู„ุญ ุจู’ู† ุดุนูŠุจ ุนูŽู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู† ุจู’ู† ุดุนูŠุจ ุงู„ูุฑูˆูŠ ุนู† ุนูŠุณู‰ ุงุจู† ุฏุงุจ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุนูู…ู‘ููŠูŽ ู‚ุจุฑ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุณู‘ู„ุงู…. ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ูˆูŽุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู†: ุฃู†ู‡ ุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ูˆุฃูƒุซุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงููˆุฑุŒ ูˆุญู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนูŠุฑ ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุจุจู„ุงุฏ ุทูŠุฆ ุฃุถู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุจุนูŠุฑ ู„ูŠู„ุง ูุฃุฎุฐุชู‡ ุทูŠุฆ ูˆู‡ู… ูŠุธู†ูˆู† ุฃู† ุจุงู„ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ู…ุงู„ุง. ูู„ู…ุง ุฑุฃูˆุง ู…ุง ููŠู‡ ุฎุงููˆุง ุฃู† ูŠุทู„ุจูˆุง ูุฏูู†ูˆุง ุงู„ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุจู…ุง ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆู†ุญุฑูˆุง ุงู„ุจุนูŠุฑ ูุฃูƒู„ูˆู‡ [5] .

ุญูƒู‰ ู„ู†ุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ู†ูุนูŽูŠู’ู…ู ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู’ู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงููุธู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุณู…ุนุช ุฃุจุง ุจูƒุฑ ุงู„ุทู„ุญูŠ ูŠุฐูƒุฑ ุฃู† ุฃุจุง ุฌุนูุฑ ุงู„ุญุถุฑู…ูŠ- ู…ุทูŠู†ุง- ูƒุงู† ูŠู†ูƒุฑ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฒูˆุฑ ุจุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ู‚ุจุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุณู‘ู„ุงู…. ูˆูƒุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„: ู„ูˆ ุนู„ู…ุช ุงู„ุฑุงูุถุฉ ู‚ุจุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ ุจุงู„ุญุฌุงุฑุฉุ› ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจู’ู† ุดุนุจุฉ [6] . ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู…ุทูŠู†: ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุจุฑ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทุงู„ุจุŒ ู„ุฌุนู„ุช ู…ู†ุฒู„ูŠ ูˆู…ู‚ูŠู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃุจุฏุง.

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[1] ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: ุทุจู‚ุงุช ุจู† ุณุนุฏ 3/1/25.

[2] ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุธู… ู„ุงุจู† ุงู„ุฌูˆุฒูŠ 5/177.

[3] ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุธู… 5/177.

[4] ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุงู…ุด ุงู„ุฃุตู„: ยซู„ู… ูŠุณู…ุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุฅู„ุง ู…ู† ุณูŠุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุดุฑูŠู ูˆุญุฏู‡ยป ุŒ ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: 5/177.

[5]- ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุธู… 5/177- 178.

[6]- ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ: ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุธู… 5/178.

ย ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุท ุงู„ููƒุฑ (7/ 329) [4]

ูˆูŽุฏูููู†ูŽ ุจูุฏูŽุงุฑู ุงู„ู’ุฅูู…ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ุจูุงู„ู’ูƒููˆููŽุฉู ุฎูŽูˆู’ูู‹ุง ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽูˆูŽุงุฑูุฌู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ุจูุดููˆุง ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฌูุซู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูุŒ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุดู’ู‡ููˆุฑู ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุญูู…ูู„ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฑูŽุงุญูู„ูŽุชูู‡ู ูุฐู‡ุจุช ุจู‡ ูู„ุง ูŠุฏุฑู‰ ุฃูŠู† ุฐู‡ุจ ููŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุฃูŽุฎู’ุทูŽุฃูŽ ูˆูŽุชูŽูƒูŽู„ู‘ูŽููŽ ู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุนูู„ู’ู…ูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ู ุจูู‡ู ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุณููŠุบูู‡ู ุนูŽู‚ู’ู„ูŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ุดูŽุฑู’ุนูŒุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุนู’ุชูŽู‚ูุฏูู‡ู ูƒูŽุซููŠุฑูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฌูŽู‡ูŽู„ูŽุฉู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงููุถู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุจูู…ูŽุดู’ู‡ูŽุฏู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽูู ููŽู„ูŽุง ุฏูŽู„ููŠู„ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูู‚ูŽุงู„ู ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุฐูŽุงูƒูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุบููŠุฑูŽุฉู ุจู’ู†ู ุดูุนู’ุจูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุญูŽูƒูŽุงู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุทููŠุจู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุบู’ุฏูŽุงุฏููŠู‘ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู†ูุนูŽูŠู’ู…ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงููุธู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุจูŽูƒู’ุฑู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู„ู’ุญููŠู‘ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุถู’ุฑูŽู…ููŠู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงููุธู ุนู† ู…ุทุฑ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุนูŽู„ูู…ูŽุชู ุงู„ุดู‘ููŠุนูŽุฉู ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ูŠูุนูŽุธู‘ูู…ููˆู†ูŽู‡ู ุจูุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽูู ู„ูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽู…ููˆู‡ู ุจูุงู„ู’ุญูุฌูŽุงุฑูŽุฉูุŒ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุบููŠุฑูŽุฉู ุจู’ู†ู ุดูุนู’ุจูŽุฉูŽ. ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู‚ูุฏููŠู‘ู: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃูŽุจููˆ ุจูƒุฑ ุงุจู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุณูŽุจู’ุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฅูุณู’ุญูŽุงู‚ูŽ ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ููŽุฑู’ูˆูŽุฉูŽ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุณูŽุฃูŽู„ู’ุชู ุฃูŽุจูŽุง ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑู ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏูŽ ุจู’ู†ูŽ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุงู‚ูุฑูŽ ูƒูŽู…ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุณูู†ู‘ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ูŠูŽูˆู’ู…ูŽ ู‚ูุชูู„ูŽุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซู‹ุง ูˆูŽุณูุชู‘ููŠู†ูŽ ุณูŽู†ูŽุฉู‹. ู‚ูู„ู’ุชู: ุฃูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฏูููู†ูŽุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฏูู† ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ู„ูŠู„ุง ูˆู‚ุฏ ุบุจูŠ ุนู† ุฏูŽูู’ู†ูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽูููŠ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุงุฏูู‚ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูƒุงู† ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุซูŽู…ูŽุงู†ููŠูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุฎูŽู…ู’ุณููŠู†ูŽ ุณูŽู†ูŽุฉู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู‹ุง ุฏูููู†ูŽ ู‚ูุจู’ู„ูŽูŠู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณู’ุฌูุฏู ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุงู…ูุนู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒููˆููŽุฉู. ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุฏูŠุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ุจุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุงู…ุงุฑุฉ. ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุญูŽูƒูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุทููŠุจู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุบู’ุฏูŽุงุฏููŠู‘ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู†ูุนูŽูŠู’ู…ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุถู’ู„ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฏููƒูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู†ูŽ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุญูุณูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุญูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงู‡ู ููŽู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽุงู‡ู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฏููŠู†ูŽุฉู ููŽุฏูŽููŽู†ูŽุงู‡ู ุจูุงู„ู’ุจูŽู‚ููŠุนู ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุจุฑ ูุงุทู…ุฉุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ู„ูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุญูŽู…ูŽู„ููˆู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุนููŠุฑู ุถูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ูุฃุฎุฐุชู‡ ุทูŠุฆ ูŠุธู†ูˆู†ู‡ ู…ุง ู„ุง ููŽู„ูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุฑูŽุฃูŽูˆู’ุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ูููŠ ุงู„ุตู‘ูู†ู’ุฏููˆู‚ู ู…ูŽูŠู‘ูุชูŒ ูˆู„ู… ูŠุนุฑููˆู‡ ุฏูŽููŽู†ููˆุง ุงู„ุตู‘ูู†ู’ุฏููˆู‚ูŽ ุจูู…ูŽุง ูููŠู‡ู ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูŒ ุฃูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูู‡ูุŒ ุญูŽูƒูŽุงู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุทููŠุจู ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถู‹ุง.

ูˆูŽุฑูŽูˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงููุธู ุงุจู† ุนุณุงูƒุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุญุณู† ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฏูŽููŽู†ู’ุชู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู‹ุง ูููŠ ุญูุฌู’ุฑูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฏููˆุฑู ุขู„ู ุฌูŽุนู’ุฏูŽุฉูŽ. ูˆูŽุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู„ููƒู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูู…ูŽูŠู’ุฑู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ู„ูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุญูŽููŽุฑูŽ ุฎูŽุงู„ูุฏู ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽุณูŽุงุณูŽ ุฏูŽุงุฑู ุงุจู’ู†ูู‡ู ูŠูŽุฒููŠุฏูŽ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุฎู’ุฑูŽุฌููˆุง ุดูŽูŠู’ุฎู‹ุง ู…ูŽุฏู’ูููˆู†ู‹ุง ุฃูŽุจู’ูŠูŽุถูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ู‘ูุญู’ูŠูŽุฉู ูƒูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุฏูููู†ูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู…ู’ุณู ููŽู‡ูŽู…ู‘ูŽ ุจุฅุญุฑุงู‚ู‡ ุซู… ุตุฑูู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู† ุฐู„ูƒ ููŽุงุณู’ุชูŽุฏู’ุนูŽู‰ ุจูู‚ูŽุจูŽุงุทููŠู‘ูŽ ููŽู„ูŽูู‘ูŽู‡ู ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุทูŽูŠู‘ูŽุจูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŽู‡ู ู…ูŽูƒูŽุงู†ูŽู‡ู. ู‚ูŽุงู„ููˆุง ูˆูŽุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูƒูŽุงู†ู ุจูุญูุฐูŽุงุกู ุจูŽุงุจู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุฑู‘ูŽุงู‚ููŠู†ูŽ ู…ูู…ู‘ูŽุง ูŠูŽู„ููŠ ู‚ูุจู’ู„ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณู’ุฌูุฏู ูููŠ ุจูŽูŠู’ุชู ุฅูุณู’ูƒูŽุงูู ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽูƒูŽุงุฏู ูŠูŽู‚ูุฑู‘ู ูููŠ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูŒ ุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ุงู†ู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู. ูˆูŽุนูŽู†ู’ ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑู ุจู’ู†ู ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุงุฏูู‚ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุตูู„ู‘ููŠูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ู„ูŽูŠู’ู„ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฏูููู†ูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ูƒููˆููŽุฉู ูˆูŽุนูู…ู‘ููŠูŽ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูู‡ู ูˆูŽู„ูŽูƒูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ู‚ูŽุตู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ุฅูู…ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู. ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽู„ู’ุจููŠู‘ู: ุดูŽู‡ูุฏูŽ ุฏูŽูู’ู†ูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽูŠู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณูŽู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุญูุณูŽูŠู’ู†ู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ูŽูููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฌูŽุนู’ููŽุฑู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ูู…ู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ุชูู‡ูู…ู’ ููŽุฏูŽููŽู†ููˆู‡ู ูููŠ ุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ุงู„ู’ูƒููˆููŽุฉู ูˆูŽุนูŽู…ู‘ููˆุง ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุฎููŠููŽุฉู‹ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽูˆูŽุงุฑูุฌู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ูู…ู’ุŒ ูˆูŽุญูŽุงุตูู„ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู…ู’ุฑู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู‹ุง ู‚ูุชูู„ูŽ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ู’ุฌูู…ู’ุนูŽุฉู ุณูŽุญูŽุฑู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู„ูุณูŽุจู’ุนูŽ ุนูŽุดู’ุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุฎูŽู„ูŽุชู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽู…ูŽุถูŽุงู†ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูŽู†ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูุชูู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุฑูŽุจููŠุนู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตูŽุญู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูŽุฑู ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู. ูˆูŽุฏูููู†ูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ูƒููˆููŽุฉู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซู ูˆูŽุณูุชู‘ููŠู†ูŽ ุณูŽู†ูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุตูŽุญู‘ูŽุญูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู‚ูุฏููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุฌูŽุฑููŠุฑู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฎูŽู…ู’ุณู ูˆูŽุณูุชู‘ููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุซูŽู…ูŽุงู†ู ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุณูŽู†ูŽุฉู‹ ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู. ูˆูŽูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุฎูู„ูŽุงููŽุชูู‡ู ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽ ุณูู†ููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽุชูุณู’ุนูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู. ย 

ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุธู… ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ู…ู„ูˆูƒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ู… (5/ 178-176) [5]

ูุตู„: ูˆุงุฎุชู„ู ูููŠ ุณู† ุนู„ูŠ ุฑุถูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡

ูุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุจู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏุŒ [ู‚ุงู„: ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุจู’ู†ู ุซูŽุงุจูุชูุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุจู† ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏู„ [1] ุŒ ู‚ุงู„: ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุงุจู’ู† ุตููˆุงู†ุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ ุจู’ู† ู…ุญู…ุฏ] [2] ุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุงุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุจู’ู†ู ุณูŽุนู’ุฏูุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุจู† ุนู…ุฑุฃุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุฏูŠุŒ ู‚ุงู„: ุญุฏุซู†ุง ุฃุจูˆ ุจูƒุฑ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡/ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุณุจุฑุฉุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฅูุณู’ุญูŽุงู‚ ุจู† ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ูุฑูˆุฉุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุณุฃู„ุช ุฃุจุง ุฌุนูุฑ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู† ุนู„ูŠ ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง: ูƒู… ูƒุงู† ุณู† ุนู„ูŠ ุฑุถูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู†ู‡ ูŠูˆู… ู‚ุชู„ุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุซู„ุงุซุง ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุณู†ุฉุŒ ู‚ู„ุช: ุฃูŠู† ุฏูู†ุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ู„ูŠู„ุง ูˆู‚ุฏ ุบุจูŠ ุนู†ูŠ ุฏูู†ู‡โ€ฆ. ูˆุฐูƒุฑ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู† ุณุนุฏ [3] : ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู…ุงุช ุนู„ูŠ ุฑุถูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู†ู‡ ุฃุฎุฑุฌ ุงุจู† ู…ู„ุฌู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุจุณุŒ ูู‚ุงู„ูˆุง: ู†ุดูููŠ ู†ููˆุณู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุŒ ูู‚ุทุน ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจู† ุฌุนูุฑ ูŠุฏูŠู‡ ูˆุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ูู„ู… ูŠุฌุฒุน ูˆู„ู… ูŠุชูƒู„ู…ุŒ ููƒุญู„ ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ุจู…ุณู…ุงุฑ ู…ุญู…ูŠ ูู„ู… ูŠุฌุฒุนุŒ ูˆุฃุฎุฑุฌ ู„ุณุงู†ู‡ ู„ูŠู‚ุทุนุŒ ูุฌุฒุน ูˆู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูƒุฑู‡ ุฃู† ุฃูƒูˆู† ูููŠ ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ููˆุงู‚ุง ู„ุง ุฃุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ูู‚ุทุนูˆุง ู„ุณุงู†ู‡ ุซู… ุฃุญุฑู‚ูˆู‡.

ูุตู„ [4]: ูˆุงุฎุชู„ููˆุง ูููŠ ู…ูˆุถุน ุฏูู†ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุณู„ุงู….

ูุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุฃุจูˆ ู…ู†ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ู‚ุฒุงุฒุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุฃุจูˆ ุจูƒุฑ ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู† ุนู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุจุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุญู…ุฒุฉ ุจู† ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏ ุจู† ุทุงู‡ุฑุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู†ูŽุง ุงู„ูˆู„ูŠุฏ ุจู† ุจูƒุฑุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุนู„ูŠ ุจู† ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ ุจู† [ุฒูƒุฑูŠุงุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ู…ุณู„ู… ุตุงู„ุญ ุจู’ู† ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏ] [5] ุจู† ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุนุฌู’ู„ูŠุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุฃุจูŠุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุนู„ูŠ ุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ู‚ุชู„ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉุŒ [ู‚ุชู„ู‡ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุจู† ู…ู„ุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏูŠุŒ ูˆู‚ุชู„ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุงู„ุญุณู† ุจู† ุนู„ูŠ] [6] ุŒ ูˆุฏูู† ุจู‡ุงุŒ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุนู„ู… ุฃูŠู† ู…ูˆุถุน ู‚ุจุฑู‡ [7] .ูˆูููŠ ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ [8] : ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏูู† ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ. ูˆู‚ูŠู„: ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุตุฑ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุฉ. ูˆู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุฃุจูˆ ู†ุนูŠู… ุงู„ูุถู„ ุจู† ุฏูƒู† [9] : ุญูˆู„ู‡ ุงุจู†ู‡ ุงู„ุญุณู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูุฏูู† ุจุงู„ุจู‚ูŠุน ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุจุฑ ูุงุทู…ุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุณู„ุงู…. ูˆูููŠ ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ [10] : ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุจู‡ ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูุถู„ ุงู„ุจุนูŠุฑ ุงู„ู‘ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ูุฃุฎุฐุชู‡ ุทูŠู‘ูุฆ ูŠุธู†ูˆู†ู‡ ู…ุงู„ุง. ูู„ู…ุง ุฑุฃูˆู‡ ุฏูู†ูˆุง ุงู„ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุจู…ุง ููŠู‡. ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุงุช ุฑูˆุงู‡ุง ุฃุจูˆ ุจูƒุฑ ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุจ. ูˆู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ [11] : ุญูƒู‰ ู„ู†ุง ุฃุจูˆ ู†ุนูŠู… ุงู„ุญุงูุธุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุณู…ุนุช ุฃุจุง ุจูƒุฑ ุงู„ุทู„ุญูŠ ูŠุฐูƒุฑ ุฃู† ู…ุทูŠู†ุง ูƒุงู† ูŠู†ูƒุฑ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฒูˆุฑ ุจุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ู‚ุจุฑ ุนู„ูŠ ุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ุฑุถูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆูƒุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„: ู„ูˆ ุนู„ู…ุช ุงู„ุฑุงูุถุฉ ู‚ุจุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ ุจุงู„ุญุฌุงุฑุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจู† ุดุนุจุฉ. ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃูŠ ุงู„ุฃู‚ูˆุงู„ ุฃุตุญ.

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[1] ููŠ ุฃ: ยซุนู„ู‰ ุจู† ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏู„ยป .

[2] ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุนู‚ูˆูุชูŠู†: ู…ู† ุชุŒ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฃุตู„: ยซุจุฅุณู†ุงุฏู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงุจู† ุฃุจูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุงยป .

[3] ุทุจู‚ุงุช ุงุจู† ุณุนุฏ 3/ 1/ 26.

[4] ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุตู„ ุฌุงุก ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃูŠ ุต. 72/ ุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุทูˆุท.

[5] ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุนู‚ูˆูุชูŠู†: ุณุงู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ุŒ ุฃูˆุฑุฏู†ุงู‡ ู…ู† ุช.

[6] ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุนู‚ูˆูุชูŠู†: ุณุงู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุตูˆู„ุŒ ุฃูˆุฑุฏู†ุงู‡ ู…ู† ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ.

[7] ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ 1/ 136.

[8] ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ 1/ 138.

[9] ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ 1/ 138.

[10] ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ 1/ 138

[11] ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุจุบุฏุงุฏ 1/ 138.

[6] Ali ibn Abi Talib (Dr. Ali M. Sallabi): PG.720-721 (Muโ€™assasah Iqra)

Ali ibn Abi Talib (Dr. Ali M. Sallabi): V.2/PG.625-626 (International Islamic Publishing House) Translated by: Nasiruddin Al-Khattab

โ€œAs for the location of his grave, the reports differ concerning it. Ibn alJawzi narrated a number of reports concerning that, then he said: โ€œAllah knows best which is most correct.โ€Among the reports concerning this matter are the following:

  • That al-Hasan ibn โ€˜Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) buried him by the mosque in ar-Rabbah, which is near-the gates of Kindah, before the people finished praying the dawn prayer.
  • That he was buried at night in Kufah near the governorโ€™s palace beside the Jamiโ€™ mosque, and the location of his grave was unmarked.
  • That his son al-Hasan (Radhiyallahu Anhu) took him to Madinah.
  • That the grave which is just outside Kufah, the shrine in Najaf, is the grave of โ€˜Ali (&), but this was rejected by some scholars such as Shurayk ibn Abdullah an-Nakhaโ€™i, the Qadhi of Kufah (d. 178 AH) and Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Hadrami (d. 297). (Khilafat Ali ibn Abi Talib โ€“ Abdul Hameed: PG.441)

In fact, the innovation of the so-called shrine of โ€˜Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) in Najaf was introduced during the days of Banu Buwayh, who were Rafidhi Shia, during the Abbasid era. The Shia fabricated this idea, as is their wont, during the fourth century AH, but the scholars unanimously agree that this is not the grave of โ€˜Ali (&); it was said that it is the grave of al-Mugheerah ibn Shuโ€™bah (Radhiyallahu Anhu). Ibn Taymiyah said: โ€œAs for the shrine in Najaf, people of knowledge are unanimously agreed that it is not the grave of โ€˜Ali; it was said that it is the grave of al-Mugheerah ibn Shuโ€™bah instead. No one said that this was the grave of โ€˜Ali, and no one went there for the purpose of visiting โ€˜Aliโ€™s grave, for more than three hundred years, despite the fact that so many of Ahl al-Bayt, the Shia and others, ruled in Kufah. It was only taken as a shrine during the reign of Banu Buwayh โ€“ the Persians- more than three hundred years after the death of โ€˜Ali.โ€

* Note: There are more reports concerning the grave of Ali (Radhiyallahu Anhu) mentioned in the books of Tarikh which the author did not include in his book. Refer to the above-mentioned Ibaaraat for more Riwaayaat.ย  ย 

[7] http://www.askimam.org/public/question_detail/19649

Question: Where is the grave of Hazrat Ali (radiyallahu anhu)?

Answer: Theย janฤzahย (funeral prayers) was led by his son Al-Hasan (radiyallahu anhu), after which he was buried at the official government residence in Kufa.ย ย His grave was hidden and concealed lest theย khawฤrijย try to exhume his body.

ย ูˆุตู„ู‰ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงุจู†ู‡ ุงู„ุญุณู†ุŒ ูˆุฏูู† ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุตุฑ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุŒ ูˆุบูŠู‘ุจ ู‚ุจุฑู‡

ุดุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฐู‡ุจ ููŠ ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ู…ู† ุฐู‡ุจุŒย ูก/ย ูขูขูขย ุฏุงุฑ ุงุจู† ูƒุซูŠุฑุŒ ุฏู…ุดู‚ โ€“ ุจูŠุฑูˆุช

ูˆุฏูู† ุจุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆูุฉ ุฎูˆูุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎูˆุงุฑุฌ ุฃู† ูŠู†ุจุดูˆุง ุนู† ุฌุซุชู‡ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ

ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉย ูง/ย ูฃูขูฉย ุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ููƒุฑ

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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