Question:
Respected Mufti Sahib
Assalamualaikum Wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu
I have a query that I would appreciate if Mufti Saheb could answer for me in a clear detailed manner backed by the kalaam of our Fuqahaa.
It is a famous Mas’ala of Du’aa after Salaah.
Perusing through the Fataawaa KITAABS of our akaabir, I found that they say that making ijtima’ee Du’aa after the Salaah is proven, but after the Sunnah is Bid’ah. (See Fataawaa Rahimiyyah Vol. 6 Pg.58-81-Jadeed, Aap Ka Masail etc ).
The reason given is that nowhere is it proven from Nabi (Saw) and the Sahabah (Ra) that it was there practice to make Du’aa after the Sunnats. (Rahimiyyah Vol.6 Pg. 59)
My question is: Aren’t we muqallids, whose responsibility is to follow what our Fuqahaa have mentioned and not delve into whether it is established in Ahaadith or not, as it is impossible that our Fuqahaa were ignorant of Ahaadith and from their own pockets came out with a Mas’ala.
What I am referring to is the mention in our Fiqhi kitaabs that after the fardh either no dua or a very short dua should be made. Thereafter after the sunnats, should all the azkaar be read and then (the word “thumma” is used) they should make dua for themselves and all the muslims.
(See Noorul Eidaah Pg. 80, Maraaq and Tahtaawi alal maraaqi Pg.310-316 Ilmiyyah, Shaami Vol.1 Pg.530 Hm.Saeed etc)
This dua will be classified as dua after salah, as our fuqaha mention that by after salah’ is also meant after the sunnats, thus the zikrs after salah should be made after the sunnats. (See Fathul Qadeer Vol.1 Pg.440, Ghunnyah Pg.344-Suhail Academy, Siayah Vol.2 Pg.257-260, Nahrul Faiq Vol.1 pg. 296, Bahr Vol.2 Pg.35 and 53, Badai Vol.1 Pg.159 etc)
I am not trying to defend the iltizaam put on it by the ahlul bidah, but if done in the same manner as dua immediately after salah should be done ie.in a group form, silently unless for taleem, without iltizaam of jahr, then would it still be a bidah? If so, why?
Just as there is no proof for ijtimaa’ee dua after the fard, even though it may be silent, (see Siayah) but there is iltizaam of it in all our (Deobandi) masaajid. Will this iltizaam render it a bidah?
Even in those masjids where it is done silently,there is iltizaam, so much so that if the Imaam leaves it out, it will be as if Qiyamah has come. When we don’t say that this dua is bidah, how can be classify the dua after the sunnan as bidah?
Please clarify this masalah for me. May Allah reward you greatly.
Bayyinoo Toojaroo
Asif Omar
Answer:
It is Mustahab and required for an Imam, Muqtadi and Munfarid to make Du’aa after the Fardh Salaah in light of its virtues and rulings mentioned in the Ahaadith. The Imam and Muqtadis, after the Fardh Salaah occupy themselves in Du’aa and Zikr on an individual basis which in one way forms into a congregational Du’aa. (Aapke Masaail aur Unkaa Hal, Vol. 2, Page 273)
The Muqtadis are usually unaware of the wordings and the etiquettes of Du’aa, for this reason the need arises to make the Du’aa loudly in congregation in order to teach the Muqtadis the appropriate Du’aas to be read after the Salaah as the Prophet (S.A.W.) occasionally did so (which is understood from the wordings of the Du’aa narrated by the Sahabah from the Prophet (S.A.W.) as it would not be possible for the Sahabah to narrate the exact wordings of the Du’aa if the Prophet (S.A.W.) read them softly.) Therefore it would not be appropriate to term congregational Du’aa after Fardh Salaah as Bid’ah on a general basis.
However it will be Bid’ah to make iltizaam (punctuality) on congregational Du’aa after the Sunnah. Firstly, because performing the Sunnah Salaah at home is more virtuous than performing them in the Masjid. Secondly, if the Musallis perform their Sunnah Salaah in the Masjid, they would not finish at the same time. Some will complete their Sunnah before the others and it is not proven anywhere that the Musallis, after performing their Sunnah Salaah, should wait for each other and the Imam should wait for the Musallis before making a congregational Du’aa. (Fataawaa Rahimiyyah, Vol. 7, Page 238)
And Allah Ta’ala knows best
Mufti Muhammad Ashraf
Darul Iftaa
Jameah Mahmoodiyah
Springs
01 April 2004
10 Safar 1425