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Validity of nikaah

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Imam please help my query for Allah’s sake. I intend to marry a previously divorced lady, mother of two, in the most simplistic manner. I intend to take two of my muslim friends and make sure my wife to be is in modest covering. We are both hanafi. I intend to say “I offer to nikah you. Do you accept the nikah?” And she will say ” yes I accept” Will this simple proposal and response suffice to make the nikah valid. I will give her appropriate dowry immediately following and preceding conjugation. Please comment on the validity of the nikah Imam. I will be very very grateful to your efforts.

Answer

In the Name of Allaah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salaamu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullaahi wa-barakaatuh.

According to the Hanafi madhab, the validity of nikaah is dependent upon the eejaab (proposal) and qabool (acceptance) from the two parties in the presence of two male witnesses, or one male and two female[1]. It is essential for the nikaah to be announced publicly. A secret marriage is shunned upon and detested.

In the enquired situation, the words of the proposal and acceptance being in the present tense are sufficient. It is better to be specific, for example: “I am marrying you” and the woman will say, “I have accepted you in marriage”.

We make du’aa that Allaah Ta’aala blesses your marriage with love and affection. Aameen.

And Allaah Ta’aala Knows Best.

Muajul I. Chowdhury

Student, Darul Iftaa

Astoria, New York, USA

Checked and Approved by,

Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

 

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[1] المبسوط للسرخسي (5/ 16)

فإن النكاح ينعقد بلفظين أحدهما عبارة عن الماضي والآخر عن المستقبل والشافعي ومحمد رحمهما الله تعالى سويا بينهما، والفرق لعلمائنا رحمهم الله تعالى أن البيع يقع ببغتة وفلتة فقوله بعني يكون استياما عادة فلا بد من الإيجاب والقبول بعده فأما النكاح يتقدمه خطبة ومراودة فقلما يقع بغتة

 

مختصر القدوري (ص: 145)

النكاح ينعقد بالإيجاب والقبول بلفظين يعبر بهما عن الماضي أو يعبر بأحدهما عن الماضي وبالآخر عن المستقبل مثل أن يقول: زوجني فيقول زوجتك. ولا يعقد نكاح المسلمين إلا بحضور شاهدين حرين بالغين عاقلين مسلمين أو رجل وامرأتين

 

بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع (2/ 229)

وأما ركن النكاح فهو الإيجاب والقبول. وذلك بألفاظ مخصوصة، أو ما يقوم مقام اللفظ

 

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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