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Is it permissible for a woman to say salam to non-mahram men?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Is it permissible for a married women in Pardah to make Salaam in a loud voice when entering a home of non-mahrams/to non-mahrams and elderly male family members? The lady does not look or talk anything else, she does Salaam out of respect loudly and walks off…?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

Saying salam is indeed a virtuous act and a sunnah of our beloved nabi (sallallahu alaihi wa salam) and the anbiya (alaihimus salam) before him. However, it is the wisdom of Allah the Almighty that he has designed Shari’ah in such a way that it closes all doors leading to fitnah. Allah Ta’ālā says in the Holy Quran:

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا 

And do not even go near fornication. It is indeed a shame and an evil way to follow. [Al-Quran, 17:32]

Living in an era where male female interaction has become the norm of society, we must tread carefully and try our best to stay away from all situations that might lead to haram. Allah Ta’ālā has blessed women with natural beauty and elegance. Even though a woman might be sincere when extending greetings to the opposite gender, her mere voice has the ability to captivate the hearts of men and attract them towards her as Allah Ta’ālā Himself has mentioned in the Holy Quran:

فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِالْقَوْلِ فَيَطْمَعَ الَّذِي فِي قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ وَقُلْنَ قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفًا 

Do not be too soft in your speech, lest someone having a disease in his heart should develop fancies (about you); and do speak with appropriate words. [Al-Quran, 33:32]

Besides the voice factor, in this era of fitna and immorality, the mere greeting of the opposite gender is a means of initiating contact which could lead to informal contact. There have been innumerable instances that bear testimony to the evils emanating through this. As such, it is advisable not to extend salam to non-mahram men[1].

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Bilal Mohammad

Student Darul Iftaa
USA 

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

www.daruliftaa.net


[1] Fatawa Rahimiyyah, vol. 10, pg. 126, Darul Isha’at;

Ahsanul Fatawa, vol. 8, pg. 42, H.M. Saeed Company;

Fatawa Mahmudiyyah, vol. 24, pg. 326, Darul Iftaa Jami’ah Faruqiyyah;

ولا يكلم الأجنبية إلا عجوزا عطست أو سلمت فيشمتها لا يرد السلام عليها وإلا لا انتهى

(قوله وإلا لا) أي وإلا تكن عجوزا بل شابة لا يشمتها، ولا يرد السلام بلسانه  قال في الخانية: وكذا الرجل مع المرأة إذا التقيا يسلم الرجل أولا، وإذا سلمت المرأة الأجنبية على رجل إن كانت عجوزا رد الرجل – عليها السلام – بلسانه بصوت تسمع، وإن كانت شابة رد عليها في نفسه، وكذا الرجل إذا سلم على امرأة أجنبية فالجواب فيه على العكس اهـ. وفي الذخيرة: وإذا عطس فشمتته المرأة فإن عجوزا رد عليها وإلا رد في نفسه اهـ وكذا لو عطست هي كما في الخلاصة

(رد المحتار علي الدر المختار، ج  ٦، ص ٣٦٩، ايج ايم سعيد كمبني)؛

كذا الرجل مع المرأة إذا التقيا يسلم الرجل أولا * وإن سلمت المرأة الأجنبية على رجل إن كانت عجوزا رد السلام عليها بصوت يسمع * وإن كانت شابة رد عليها في نفسه * والرجل إذا سلم على امرأة أجنبية فالجواب فيه يكون على العكس

(فتاوي قاضي خان، ج ٣،ص ٣٢٨، قديمي كتب خانه؛ الفتاوي العالمكيرية، ج ٥، ص ٣٢٥، مكتبة رشيدية)

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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