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When Is the Earliest Sadaqatul Fitr Can Be Given?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by DarulIftaBirmingham

Answered by: Alimah Safiyya-Maryam Ahmed

Question:

Assalamu Alaikum, 2 quick questions:

– the earliest that sadaqatul fitr can be given? is it valid to give it before Ramadan for distribution in Ramadan?

– can meat be given as sadaqatul fitr?

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Answer:

The obligation of Sadaqah Al-Fitr is linked to Fajr time on the day of Eid-ul-Fitr and is to ensure all people have enough to enjoy this blessed day. It is not linked to distribution in Ramadhan. Usually, it would be given out before Eid prayer on Eid day itself, however, in situations where the Sadaqah Al-Fitr needs to be sent abroad or to some other place this would not be practical. Therefore, regarding paying Sadaqah Al-Fitr in advance there are a few opinions within the Hanafi madhab ranging from it is not permissible to pay in advance at all, one can advance it by one or two days (this is the ideal in this situation), one can pay it once Ramadhan starts but not before (this opinion can be taken if one must give to a place where it takes a long time to reach, once can even pay a year in advance.

In principle, any form of goods such as foodstuff, money or meat can be used to pay Sadaqah Al-Fitr.

Only Allah knows best

Written by Alimah Safiyya-Maryam Ahmed

Checked and approved by Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah

Darul Ifta Birmingham

وَأَمَّا وَقْتُ وُجُوبِ صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ فَقَدْ اُخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ، قَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا: هُوَ وَقْتُ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ الثَّانِي مِنْ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ… وَلَوْ عَجَّلَ الصَّدَقَةَ عَلَى يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ لَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِي ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ وَرَوَى الْحَسَن عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ التَّعْجِيلُ سَنَةً وَسَنَتَيْنِ وَعَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ تَعْجِيلُهَا إذَا دَخَلَ رَمَضَانُ وَلَا يَجُوزُ قَبْلَهُ، وَذَكَرَ الْكَرْخِيُّ فِي مُخْتَصَرِهِ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ التَّعْجِيلُ بِيَوْمٍ، أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ عِنْدَنَا (بدائع الصنائع, كتاب الزكاة, فصل الزكاة الواجبة, فصل وقت وجوب صدقة الفطر, جلد ٢, صفحة ٧٤, المكتبة الشاملة الحديثة)

وَجْهُ قَوْلِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ إنَّ النَّاسَ إذَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي صَاعٍ يُقَدِّرُونَهُ بِالْوَزْنِ فَدَلَّ أَنَّ الْمُعْتَبَرَ هُوَ الْوَزْنُ وَأَمَّا صِفَةُ الْوَاجِبِ فَهُوَ أَنَّ وُجُوبَ الْمَنْصُوصِ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ حَيْثُ إنَّهُ مَالٌ مُتَقَوِّمٌ عَلَى الْإِطْلَاقِ لَا مِنْ حَيْثُ إنَّهُ عَيْنٌ فَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ عَنْ جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ الْقِيمَةَ دَرَاهِمَ، أَوْ دَنَانِيرَ، أَوْ فُلُوسًا، أَوْ عُرُوضًا، أَوْ مَا شَاءَ وَهَذَا عِنْدَنَا (بدائع الصنائع, كتاب الزكاة, فصل الزكاة الواجبة, فصل بيان جنس الواجب وقدره وصفة في صدقة الفطر, جلد ٢, صفحة ٧٣, المكتبة الشاملة الحديثة)

This answer was collected from DarulIftaBirmingham.co.uk, which is run under the supervision of Mufti Mohammed Tosir Miah from the United Kingdom.

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