Assalamualaikum,
I am from India, but presently I am working in Riyadh ( KSA). This is my first Job. After getting my Job, I decided that I will spend 10% of my salary every Month for three different works of khair (i.e., 3.3% sadaqah for the relatives , 3.3 % sadaqah for the poor, 3.3% sadaqah for the Masjids and Deeni works). Initialy I was giving these amounts in sadaqah but I couldn’t continue it for the last 10 months due to some of expenditures (Construction of Home in India and some other Expenses). So my question is that is it mandatory for me now to calculate the whole amount of salaries which i have to give sadaqah or just start form this month salary only. As this is the sadaqah which I made intention for, is this Mandatory for me?
Jazakallahu khair!
الجواب وباللہ التوفیق
If you had made the intention and determination to spend in the stated manner in your heart only, and had not stated it with your tongue then to spend in this manner was neither necessary in the past nor in the future, if you do spend then it will be means for goodness and blessings. It is also not necessary to spend that amount now which you couldn’t spend for some time due to your household expenses.
If you had stated your intention with your tongue then in that situation it becomes a نذر (Nazr) because for it to become a نذر (Nazr), to state it with the tongue is necessary, therefore, it will be necessary to calculate the amount for the months that have been left out and spend in the manner you have intended.
فرکن النذر: ھو الصیغۃ الدالۃ علیہ، وھو قولہ: للّٰہ عز شانہ عليَّ کذا، أو عليّ کذا،أوھذا ھدی ، أو صدقۃ، أو مالی صدقۃ أو ما أملک صدقۃ أونحو ذٰلک۔ (بدائع الصنائع، کتاب النذر، زکریا دیوبند ۴/۲۲۶)
والنذر عمل اللسان والقیاس یقتضی أنہ لا ینعقد إلا بلفظ الخ۔ (کتاب الفقہ علی مذاہب الاربعۃ، دار الفکر ۲/۱۴۲)
إیجاب الفعل المباح علی نفسہ بالقول تعظیما للہ تعالیٰ الخ۔ (قواعد الفقہ اشرفی ص: ۵۲۴)
النذر لا تکفی فی إیجابہ النیۃ بل لابد من التلفظ بہ۔ (الأشباہ والنظائر ص: ۸۹)
من نذر وسمی فعلیہ الوفاء بما سمی (الحدیث) کصوم و صلاۃ وصدقۃ لقولہ تعالیٰ ’’ولیوفوا نذورھم (الحج: ۲۹)۔ (شامی، زکریا ۵/۵۱۶)
واللہ اعلم بالصواب