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How far can a woman travel without her husband?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by IslamicSolutions.org

Shortened Question:

How far can a woman travel without her husband?

Are women allowed to attend the Jumah Salat at the Mosque?

Question:

How far can a woman travel without her husband?

Are women allowed to attend the Jumah Salat at the Masjid?

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In principle a woman should remain in the home. If she has a valid Shari’ah   reason to leave her home, she may leave her home while adhering to the laws of Shari’ah for a distance of 48ml/78km without a mahram (one with whom marriage is not permissible in Shariah). However, if there is fear of fitnah in a woman travelling alone within 48ml/78km then she cannot travel alone.[1]&[2]

The woman that performs her Salat in her home attains the same reward as the man who performs his Salat in the Masjid.[3]

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mufti Saeed Ahmed Golaub

Islamic Solutions

Jamaica

[1]الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2 / 464):

(قَوْلُهُ فِي سَفَرٍ) هُوَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَلَيَالِيهَا فَيُبَاحُ لَهَا الْخُرُوجُ إلَى مَا دُونَهُ لِحَاجَةٍ بِغَيْرِ مَحْرَمٍ بَحْرٌ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ

[2]الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2 / 465):

وَأَبِي يُوسُفَ كَرَاهَةُ خُرُوجِهَا وَحْدَهَا مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَيَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ الْفَتْوَى عَلَيْهِ لِفَسَادِ الزَّمَانِ شَرْحُ اللُّبَابِ وَيُؤَيِّدُهُ حَدِيثُ الصَّحِيحَيْنِ «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاَللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تُسَافِرَ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ إلَّا مَعَ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ عَلَيْهَا»

[3]:مُطْلَقًا اتِّفَاقًا (أَوْ) لَبْثُ (امْرَأَةٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ بَيْتِهَا) وَيُكْرَهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِ صَلَاتِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا كَمَا إذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ مَسْجِدٌ وَلَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إذَا اعْتَكَفَتْ فِيهِ، وَهَلْ يَصِحُّ مِنْ الْخُنْثَى فِي بَيْتِهِ لَمْ أَرَهُ وَالظَّاهِرُ لَا لِاحْتِمَالِ ذُكُورِيَّتِهِ (بِنِيَّةٍ) فَاللَّبْثُ: هُوَ الرُّكْنُ وَالْكَوْنُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَالنِّيَّةُ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَاقِلٍ طَاهِرٍ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ وَحَيْضٍ وَنِفَاسٍ شَرْطَانِ.

(وَهُوَ) ثَلَاثَةُ أَقْسَامٍ (وَاجِبُ النَّذْرِ) بِلِسَانِهِ وَبِالشُّرُوعِ الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (2 / 441)

This answer was collected from IslamicSolutions.org, which is operated by Mufti Saeed Ahmed Golaub from Jamaica. He’s a student of Mufti Ebrahim Desai (rah) from South Africa.

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