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Is having a beard necessary to give Azan. Is the Nikah valid?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Question 1: is having à Beard nessary to give azan for namaz in a masjid or can Azan be given by somebody without à Beard?

Question 2: my nikah was conducted in a muslim country as a court marriage but i need to know that is à nikah valid where thé girl and boy are présent and only à molvi who is conducting thé Nikah présent and 1 muslim lawyer is présent in thé same room. Is this Nikah complète?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

1) What do you mean by ‘without beard’? Is the person a minor and does not have a beard or is he an adult who shaves his beard?

The Azan of a minor(nabaligh) child who has not reach the age of understanding is Makrooh and should be repeated.[1] However, the Azan of an understanding child (approx. 10 yrs) is valid, however it is better that an adult (baligh) male calls the Azan.[2]

In principle, the Azan and Iqamah of a Fasiq.(transgressor) is Makrooh (disliked).[3].

 Ulama have stated that shaving the beard or trimming it below a fist’s length is Fisq.

2) In principle, Nikah is performed with a proposal (Iejaab) by the male or female and acceptance (Qubool) by the male or female in the past and/or present tense (for example I married you or marry you, in response thereafter say I accepted or accept you)  in the presence of two male Muslim witnesses.[4]

If your Nikah was performed in the presence in the presence of two Muslim witnesses as explained above, the Nikah is valid.

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Arshad Ali

Student Darul Iftaa
Trinidad

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

http://www.daruliftaa.net/


[1] الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (1/ 392)

(ويكره أذان جنب وإقامته وإقامة محدث لا أذانه) على المذهب

(و) أذان (امرأة) وخنثى (وفاسق) ولو عالما، لكنه أولى بإمامة وأذان من جاهل تقي (وسكران) ولو بمباح كمعتوه وصبي لا يعقل

[2] الفتاوى الهندية – ط. دار الفكر (1/ 54)

 أَذَانُ الصَّبِيِّ الْعَاقِلِ صَحِيحٌ من غَيْرِ كَرَاهَةٍ في ظَاهِرِ الرِّوَايَةِ وَلَكِنْ أَذَانُ الْبَالِغِ أَفْضَلُ وَأَذَانُ الصَّبِيِّ الذي لَا يَعْقِلُ لَا يَجُوزُ وَيُعَادُ

[3] الدرة المنيفة على مذهب الإمام أبي حنيفة (ص: 26)

ويستحب كون المؤذن عالماً بالسنة فيكره اذان الجاهل

بدائع الصنائع – ث (1/ 150)

وَمِنْهَا أَنْ يَكُونَ تَقِيًّا لِقَوْلِ النبي صلى اللَّهُ عليه وسلم الْإِمَامُ ضَامِنٌ وَالْمُؤَذِّنُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ وَالْأَمَانَةُ لَا يُؤَدِّيهَا إلَّا التَّقِيُّ

حلبي صغير (ص: 213)

( ويستحب كون المؤذن عالما بالسنة تقيا فيكره أذان الجاهل والفاسق ) لقوله صلى الله تعالى عليه وسلم ليؤذن لكم خياركم

[4] بدائع الصنائع – ث (2/ 229)

وَأَمَّا رُكْنُ النِّكَاحِ  فَهُوَ الْإِيجَابُ وَالْقَبُولُ

بدائع الصنائع – ث (2/ 252)

وَلَنَا ما رُوِيَ عن رسول اللَّهِ صلى اللَّهُ عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قال لَا نِكَاحَ إلَّا بِشُهُودٍ وَرُوِيَ لَا نِكَاحَ إلَّا بِشَاهِدَيْنِ

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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