In Sulook (walking the path of Sufism), a Saalik (person walking the path
of Sufism) experiences two feelings: a) Bast, b) Qabz
Bast is an Arabic word literally meaning ‘expansion’. In the terminology of
Sufism, it refers to the positive feeling in the heart to perform abundant
Ibaadat, Tilaawaat, Dhikr, etc.
Qabz is also an Arabic word literally meaning ‘contraction’. In the
terminology of Sufism, it refers to the negative feeling in the heart to
perform any or abundant Ibaadat, Tilaawat, Dhikr, etc.
Bast is desired as it assists in attaining the purpose of Ibaadat. However,
it is not purposeful itself as the positive feeling is not the object of
worship. Regarding the desired feeling as purposeful can be detrimental
especially when one loses or decreases the condition of Bast. Regarding the
Bast as only a means of abundant worship, upon the feeling being decreased
or even suppressed, one will place the purpose ahead of his/herself and
continue with the Ibaadat, Tilaawat, etc. albeit without positive feelings.
Qabz is not desired as one feels negative and empty within the heart.
However, it is not Mazmoom (bad) either. Since we do not worship feelings,
we should concentrate on accomplishing what is purposeful, Ibaadat,
Tilaawaat, etc. According to the Mutasawwifeen (Sufis), since the condition
of Qabz requires one to make more sacrifice in accomplishing his/her
responsibility, the rewards are greater. Furthermore, in Bast there is a
possibility of Iejaab (ostentatiousness) which is condemned. In Qabz, due to
the humility and humbleness one attains close proximity to Allah which is
the ultimate aim and objective.
The above is a very brief explanation of an extremely extensive subject
which can be understood easily by undertaking the journey of Sulook.
And Allah Taãla Knows Best.
Was salaam
Mufti Ebrahim Desai