Question:
As Salaam Alaikum,
today in jumma salaat the congregation was inform by the shakyh
1 there is only one adhan for jumma salaat not two
2 the adhan was sounded in english not arabic
3 there is no sunnah salaat between the adhan an kuthba [thats the 4 rakaat ]
can you please verify
Answer:
Wa Alaikum As Salaam,
- During the time of the Prophet (S.A.S) there was only one Adhan for Jum’ah Salat which used to given in front of the Prophet (S.A.S) while he was on the mimbar to deliver the Khutba. This remained the same during the period of Abu Bakr (R.A) and Umar (R.A). However, during the rule of the 3rd Khalifah, Uthman (R.A), when the Muslim population in Madina increased and the people were living a distant away from the masjid, he decided to add another Adhan so that the people will be alerted of Jum’ah Salat and they will begin to prepare themselves to reach in the Masjid before the Khutbah started. If this was not done, and the people were left to rely upon the one Adhan which was given in front of the Khateeb for the Khutba, then by the time they prepared themselves by leaving their work, taking a bath and reaching the Masjid, the Khutbah and Jum’ah Salat would be finished already. As such, there was great wisdom in what Uthman (R.A) did for the Ummah. He was guided by Allah in his Ijtihad to implement the 2nd The Sahabahs at his time accepted what he did, and followed him in it, and implemented the two Adhan in the different regions. Many of the great Sahabahs were still alive during the rule of Uthman (R.A) when he introduced the 2nd Adhan, however, none of them opposed him. In fact, all agreed with him since it was in the best interest of the Ummah.
Since his time, the two Adhan for Salatul Jumu’ah remained a practice of Muslims throughout the world and throughout the centuries until today, following the precedent which was set by Uthman (R.A). All the great scholars of Fiqh, Hadith, Tafseer, and other Islamic sciences, and all the other Muslims from the 1st century Hijrah and afterwards, accepted what Uthman (R.A) did, and did not show any dislike in implementing it since the Prophet (S.A.S) guided the Ummah and said: ‘Upon you is to follow my way and the way of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Sunan Ibn Majah – Chapter of following the way of the Rightly Guided caliphs Hadith No.42).
Undoubtedly, Uthman (R.A) was from among the Rightly Guided Caliphs. Hence, all the Imams of Ahl Sunnah Wal Jamaah unanimously agreed upon the establishment of the two Adhan for Jum’ah. On account of this, we find that from the time of Uthman (R.A) until our present time, calling the two Adhan for Jum’ah has always been the practice at the Kaaba in Makkah and at the Masjid of the Prophet (S.A.S) in Madina.
- Adhan is not simply an announcement or notification for the prayer (salah). But, it is a dhikr of Allah (a remembrance of Allah) and also a form of Ibadah (worship) which a person gets rewards for. On account of this, we find that the Prophet (S.A.S) has emphasized upon, and encouraged a person to be in a state of Wudhu when giving the Adhan. In this regard, he said: ‘No one should give the Adhan except that he is in the state of Wudhu. (As Sunan Al Kubra-Baihaqi, Hadith No.1858).
Had it been merely a means of calling people to prayer, he (S.A.S) would not have instructed the Mu’azin to have Wudhu while calling the Adhan. The Ahadith also show that the Prophet (S.A.S) instructed those who listen to the Adhan to repeat the words of the Mu’azin when they hear these. The Prophet (S.A.S) in addition, taught the Ummah a special dua to be recited after the Adhan is called. All these show that the Adhan, while being the official call to prayer in Islam, is connected to the remembrance of Allah and is a form of Ibadah (worship). As such, it must be given with the words that have been narrated from the Prophet (S.A.S) in the same manner as it was transmitted. In this regard, the Fuqaha (Jurists) have stated: ‘According to all scholars, the Adhan must be given in the manner as it was transmitted from the Prophet (S.A.S)’. (Bada’I As Sana’i).
The Adhan therefore, must be given in the Arabic Language with the specific words and phrases which have been directly narrated from the Prophet of Allah (S.A.S).
- With respect to the performance of four rakaats of Salah before the Khutba, this is evident from the Prophet (S.A.S) and the Sahabahs.
In this regard, Abdullah bin Abbas (R.A) narrated that the Prophet (S.A.S) used to perform four rakaats before Juma (i.e before Khutba) and will not separate between these rakaats.’ (Sunan Ibn Majah – Chapter of Salah before Jum’ah Pg. 79 – Qadeemi Kutub Khana Karachi).
It is also narrated that Abdullah bin Masood (R.A) used to perform four rakaats of salah before Juma and four after it. (Jami At Tirmidhi – Chapter of Salah before Jum’ah and after Jum’ah).
Imam Tahawi has recorded a narration with a sound sanad from Jabala bin Saheem which states that Abdullah bin Umar (R.A) used to perform four rakaats before Jum’ah (i.e before the Khutbah), and would perform two rakaats and then four rakaats after Jum’ah. ( Tahawi – Sharh Al Ma’ani Al Athar, Vol. 1 Pg. 435 Qadeemi Kutub Karachi; Athar As Sunan Pg. 249 Maktaba Imdadiya Multan Pakistan).
Abdur Razzak has narrated with a sound sanad from Abdur Rahman As Sulami that he said, ‘Abdullah bin Masood (R.A) used to instruct us to perform four rakaats before Jum’ah’. (Al Musannaf of Abdur Razzak Vol. 3 Pg. 131 Dar al Kutub Al Ilmiyah Beirut 2000).
Abdur Razzak has also narrated from Ma’mar from Qatada that Abdullah bin Masood (R.A) used to perform four rakaats before Jum’ah and four rakaats after it. (Al Musannaf of Abdur Razzak Vol.3 Pg. 131 Dar Al Kutub Al Ilmiyah Beirut 2000).
The above narrations bear sufficient evidence to show the established practice of performing four rakaats of Salah after the Adhan is called and before the Khutba begins.
And Allah Knows best
Mufti Waseem Khan
24/01/2018