Question:
assalamualaikum
When I came to know about this website I was glad because I am follower of shafii fiqh and in india i think there is only one darul iftaa who deliver fatwas according to shafii fiqh. You are doing a very great job. May allah help you in this work & bless with honour & dignity, Ameen.
Here are my questions:
1- I would like to know about the extra takbir recited in eid salat in details with references
2- I had read in one book that imam malik shafii & ahmed has same opinion regardig this. Is it true ?
Answer:
الحمد لله رب العالمين ، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين، وبالله التوفيق
واما الا كمل فأن يقرأ بعد تكبيرة الإحرام دعاء الاستفتاح ثم يكبر في الركعة الأولى سبع تكبيرات سوى تكبيرة الإحرام وسوى تكبيرة الركوع وفي الثانية خمسا سوى تكبيرة القيام من السجود والهوي إلى الركوع، (المجموع شرح المهذب: 5: 17).
With Allah’s name, who is the All-Merciful, The Compassionate. All praise is to Allah, the exalted. Thank you for your kind words and your support. We say Ameen to your du’aa.
Imam Nawawi rahimahuLlahu ta’ala mentioned in al-Majmuʿ,
“The best way (to perform ‘eid salah) is that a person recites du’a istiftah (the opening duʿa) after takbirat al-ihram, thereafter, recite seven takbir in the first rakʿah beside takbirat al-ihram and takbir for rukuʿ. In the second rakʿah, he recites five times takbir beside takbir rising from sajdah and for rukuʿ. (al-Majmuʿ: 5: 17)
It is Mustahab (recommended) to recite the additional takbir loudly and to recite “subhanaLlah walhamduliLlah walailahaillaLlah waLlahu akbar,” silently between the two additional takbirs. It is also sunnah to place one’s right hand on his left hand between the two takbirs. (see al-Tuhfat: 1: 523).
عن عمرو بن شعيب، عن أبيه، عن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص، قال: قال نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «التكبير في الفطر سبع في الأولى، وخمس في الآخرة، والقراءة بعدهما كلتيهما»
Sayyiduna ʿAmr ibn Shuʿaib narrates from his father from his grandfather that Nabi sallaLahu ‘alaihi wa alihi wa sallam said, “Takbir in salah eid al-fitr [is] seven times in the first rak’ah and five times in the second, and the recitation should be after them.”
Takhrij: Reported by Abu Dawud in his Sunan 1152 and Ad-Daraqutni, Imam At-Tirmidhi narrates in his Al-’Ilal that Imam Al-Bukhari deemed this hadith authentic (Sahih), Hafith Al-’Iraqi deemed the chain good. Hafith Ibn Hajr states in his Talkhis ‘It was declared Sahih by Imam Ahmad, ‘Ali (ibn Al-Madini), and Bukhari as narrated from him by Tirmidhi.’ Similar is reported in hadith form from ‘A’ishah though Ibn Lahi’ah is in the chain and thus it is weak, Ibn Umar by Al-Bazzar which is weak, Ibn ‘Abbas by At-Tabarani in his Al-Kabir though weak due to Sulayman ibn Arqam in the chain.
As for your second question regarding if this view was held by other Imams, then Imam Ash-Shawkani states in his Nayl Al-Awtar after mentioning this opinion:
“…[Hafith Al-‘Iraqi stated] This was the opinion of many of the people of knowledge from the Sahabah and Tabi’in and Imams. And it is reported from ‘Umar, ‘Ali, Abu Hurayrah, Abu Sa’id, Jabir, Ibn ‘Umar, Ibn ‘Abbas, Abu Ayyub, Zayd ibn Thabit, ‘A’ishah, and it is the view of the seven of the jurists of the people of Medinah, Umar ibn Abdul ‘Aziz, Az-Zuhri, Mak-Hul, and it is also the view of Malik, Al-Awza’i, Ash-Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Is-haq. Ash-Shafi’i, Al-Awza’i, Is-haq, Abu Talib and Abul Al-’Abbas held that it is seven takbirs after the takbiratul-Ihram (the opening takbir).”
[See Nayl Al-Awtar of Imam Ash-Shawkani Vol. 3 page 26, pub. Dar Al-Wafa’.]
Note from Shafiifiqh.com: There are differing views reported in the Maliki and Hanbali schools. For the Hanafi view please click here. We would like to express here that according to the community of the Sunnis, there is consensus that all four schools are valid in their principles and in their opinions. Divergence among the four schools is in fact a mercy for this Ummah. It is the advice of the established Sunni scholars that you choose a school and stick to it to the best of your ability.
والله تعالى أعلم
Allah Most High knows best.
Answered by:
Abdullah Muhammad al-Marbuqi al-Shafi‘i.
Checked by:
Al-Ustadh Fauzi ibn Abd Rahman al-Shāfiʿī