Mass Burials and Washing

Respected Mufti Saab

Assalaamu alaykum wa rahmatullaahi wa barakatuh

With the current Corona Virus crisis, we need you to urgently give us the ruling regarding mass burials as follows.

1.) Are mass burials allowed?

Answer:

In the name of Allah, the Inspirer of truth

Under normal circumstances burying more than one person in a grave is disliked. However, in cases of need it becomes permissible to have a mass grave where multiple people are buried within one grave.[1] From amongst the reasons which permit mass burials, one reason is not having enough people to bury the bodies.[2]

After contacting another cemetery in London, we learned the following information:

The current capacity for the local cemeteries is to bury approximately ten to fifteen bodies per day. This is the absolute maximum that can be done and can only be achieved if family attendance is removed and maximum pressure is placed on the burial teams. It would not be possible for the digging team to dig more graves per day. With the current Covid-19 situation the cemeteries are already reaching their maximum capacity and based on the current flow of burials and government trajectory this is only going to increase and the make the situation difficult. Along with the limited work force, some employees are having to remain in isolation and are not able to make themselves available for work.

As for extending the digging team, this is difficult for the following reasons. Firstly, in order to work the necessary equipment, a certain level of training and licencing is required which is difficult to acquire within such short notice. It is also difficult to hire trained individuals due to hiring companies either being closed or running a very limited work force due to self-isolation. As for the general public digging the graves without machinery, this would also be impractical due to the increasing number of deaths and the need to implement social distancing measures. As the pandemic hits its peak, death rates are expected to rise. This will cause problems for mortuaries who will soon run out of storage facilities and will result in more pressure on the Muslim cemeteries to speed up the burial process. If mass burial is adopted, each cemetery will be able to bury a minimum of 35 bodies per day and even more depending on which method of mass burial is adopted.

If the current pandemic situation results in circumstances similar to the above, where the burial team are unable to keep up with the amount of bodies coming in, then it would be permissible to carry out mass burials. Cemeteries may also want to consider multiple level burials which will be discussed under question six.

[1] ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 260)

ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุฑุฌู„ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ููŠ ุดุฑุญู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุณุฑุฎุณูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุจุณูˆุท โ€œุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ โ€œ: ุฅู† ูˆู‚ุนุช ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ โ€ ุฃูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅุฌู…ุงุน. ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€œ: ูˆูŠู‚ุฏู… ุฃูุถู„ู‡ู…ุง ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุญุงุฌุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ููŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูƒู… ู‚ุจุฑูŠู†

ุนู…ุฏุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฑูŠ ุดุฑุญ ุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ (8/ 154)

(ุนูŽู† ุงุจู’ู† ุนูŽุจู‘ูŽุงุณุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุดูƒูˆุง ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณู„ู… ุงู„ู’ู‚ุฑุญ ูŠูŽูˆู’ู… ุฃุญุฏุŒ ููŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃุญูุฑูˆุง ูˆูŽุงุฌู’ุนูŽู„ููˆุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑ ุงู„ู’ุฅูุซู’ู†ูŽูŠู’ู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุซู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงุซูŽุฉ ูˆูŽู‚ุฏู…ููˆุง ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู‡ู… ู‚ูุฑู’ุขู†ู‹ุง) . ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุฏููˆุฑููŠู‘ ูููŠ ุดูŽุฑุญู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุณุฑุฎุณูŠ ูููŠ (ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุจู’ุณููˆุท) : ุฅูู† ูˆูŽู‚ุนุช ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฌุฉ ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฒู‘ููŠูŽุงุฏูŽุฉ ููŽู„ูŽุง ุจูŽุฃู’ุณ ุฃูŽู† ูŠุฏู’ูู† ุงู„ุฅุซู†ุงู† ูˆูŽุงู„ุซู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงุซูŽุฉ ูููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏุŒ ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ: ุฃูŽูˆ ุฎูŽู…ู’ุณูŽุฉุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุฅูุฌู’ู…ูŽุงุนุŒ ูˆูŽูููŠ (ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุฏูŽุงุฆูุน) โ€ฆ

ุงู„ุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ู„ุชุนู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ (1/ 96) ูˆูŽูŠููƒู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ูŽ ุงุซู’ู†ูŽุงู†ู ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ู„ูุถูŽุฑููˆุฑูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูุฌู’ุนูŽู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง (ุชูุฑูŽุงุจูŒ) ู„ููŠูŽุตููŠุฑูŽ ูƒูŽู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽูŠู’ู†ู.

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 219) ูˆุฃู…ุง ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ูุจุนูƒุณ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ููŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ูุชุญ

(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ) ุฅู†ู…ุง ู‚ูŠุฏ ุจู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฏูู† ุงุซู†ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุตุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุชุฑุงุจุง ููŠุฌูˆุฒ ุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุงู„ุฒุฑุน ุฅู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ููŠูˆุถุน ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ุชุฑุงุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ุจู† ู„ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูƒู‚ุจุฑูŠู† ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ุซู… ุงู„ุบู„ุงู… ุซู… ุงู„ุฎู†ุซู‰ ุซู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ู„ุชู‚ู‰

[2] ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 612)

โ€œูˆู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฏูู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏโ€ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ โ€œู„ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉโ€ ู‚ุงู„ ู‚ุงุถูŠุฎุงู† โ€œูˆูŠุญุฌุฒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ

ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุจูŠุญุฉ ู„ุฌู…ุน ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ูุตุงุนุฏุง ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุจุชุฏุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ุฐูƒุฑู‡ ุงุจู† ุฃู…ูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌ ู‚ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงูู†ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุถุนูู‡ู… ุฃูˆ ุงุดุชุบุงู„ู‡ู… ุจู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‡ู… ูˆู„ูŠุณ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฏูู† ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู‚ุฑูŠุจู‡ ูˆู„ุง ุถูŠู‚ ู…ุญู„ ุงู„ุฏูู† ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ู…ุน ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุบูŠุฑู‡ุง ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ู…ู…ุง ูŠุชุจุฑูƒ ุจุงู„ุฏูู† ููŠู‡ุง ู„ู…ุฌุงูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุตุงู„ุญูŠู† ูุถู„ุง ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ู„ู…ุง ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ู‡ุชูƒ ุญุฑู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุช ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุชูุฑูŠู‚ ุฃุฌุฒุงุฆู‡ ููŠู…ู†ุน ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู‡ู€

ุงู„ู…ูˆุณูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุชูŠุฉ (21/ 18) ย ู„ุงูŽ ุฎูู„ุงูŽููŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ููู‚ูŽู‡ูŽุงุกู ูููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ุงูŽ ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ู ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅูู„ุงู‘ูŽ ู„ูุถูŽุฑููˆุฑูŽุฉู ูƒูŽุถููŠู‚ู ู…ูŽูƒูŽุงู†ูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุชูŽุนูŽุฐู‘ูุฑู ุญูŽุงููุฑูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุชูุฑู’ุจูŽุฉู ุฃูุฎู’ุฑูŽู‰

2.) If allowed what is the ruling regarding males, females and children in the same mass grave

Answer:

The ideal scenario when burying in mass graves is to have separate mass graves for men and women. However, this may not be practical as it could result in bodies not being buried until there are enough of the same gender. In such a case the men, women and children can all be placed in the same mass grave. The men will be placed closest to the qiblah, followed by the children and then the women.[1] As far as possible, a small barrier of soil should be placed between one person and the next[2] so that it resembles separate graves.[3] ย However, if this is not possible, then as a last resort there should at least be a barrier of soil between the male and female graves so that it falls under the ruling of separate graves.[4]

[1] ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (2/ 209) ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญููŠุทู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ู ุงุซู’ู†ูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซูŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฌูŽุฉู ูŠููˆุถูŽุนู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ู ู…ูู…ู‘ูŽุง ูŠูŽู„ููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจู’ู„ูŽุฉูŽ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูู„ูŽุงู…ู ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูู†ู’ุซูŽู‰ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุฌู’ุนูŽู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ูƒูู„ู‘ู ู…ูŽูŠู‘ูุชูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุญูŽุงุฌูุฒู‹ุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุชู‘ูุฑูŽุงุจู ู„ููŠูŽุตููŠุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุญููƒู’ู…ู ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽูŠู’ู†ู ู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ยซุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠู‘ู โ€“ ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ูููŠ ุดูู‡ูŽุฏูŽุงุกู ุฃูุญูุฏู ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู‚ูŽุฏู‘ูู…ููˆุง ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ู‚ูุฑู’ุขู†ู‹ุงยป ุงู‡ู€.

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 219) (ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ) ุฅู†ู…ุง ู‚ูŠุฏ ุจู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฏูู† ุงุซู†ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุตุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุชุฑุงุจุง ููŠุฌูˆุฒ ุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุงู„ุฒุฑุน ุฅู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ููŠูˆุถุน ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ุชุฑุงุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ุจู† ู„ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูƒู‚ุจุฑูŠู† ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ุซู… ุงู„ุบู„ุงู… ุซู… ุงู„ุฎู†ุซู‰ ุซู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ู„ุชู‚ู‰.

[2] ุญู„ุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ูŠ ูˆ ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู† ูŠุฏูู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ูุงู† ูˆุฌุฏุช ุฌุงุฒุช ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ โ€ฆ ูˆ ูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุญุงุฌุฒ ู…ู† ุชุฑุงุจ ุงู† ุงู…ูƒู†

ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 612) ย โ€œูˆู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฏูู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏโ€ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ โ€œู„ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉโ€ ู‚ุงู„ ู‚ุงุถูŠุฎุงู† โ€œูˆูŠุญุฌุฒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุงุจโ€ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุบุฒูˆุงุช

โ€œูˆูŠุญุฌุฒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุงุจโ€ ู†ุฏุจุง ุฅู† ุฃู…ูƒู† ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงุจู† ุฃู…ูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌ ู„ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูƒู… ู‚ุจุฑูŠู† ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ

ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: โ€œู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุบุฒูˆุงุชโ€ ู‚ุงู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃูุงุถู„ ู„ู… ุฃุฌุฏู‡ ููŠู…ุง ุนู„ู…ุช ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุญุชู‰ ุฅู† ุฃุดู‡ุจ ุตุงุญุจ ู…ุงู„ูƒ ุฃู†ูƒุฑู‡ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ู„ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู„ู‡ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุชุถูŠูŠู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ ุนู†ู‡

[3] ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 260) ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุฑุฌู„ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ููŠ ุดุฑุญู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุณุฑุฎุณูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุจุณูˆุท โ€œุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ โ€œ: ุฅู† ูˆู‚ุนุช ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ โ€ ุฃูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅุฌู…ุงุน. ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€œ: ูˆูŠู‚ุฏู… ุฃูุถู„ู‡ู…ุง ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุญุงุฌุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ููŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูƒู… ู‚ุจุฑูŠู†

ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (2/ 209) ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญููŠุทู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ู ุงุซู’ู†ูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซูŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฌูŽุฉู ูŠููˆุถูŽุนู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ู ู…ูู…ู‘ูŽุง ูŠูŽู„ููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจู’ู„ูŽุฉูŽ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูู„ูŽุงู…ู ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูู†ู’ุซูŽู‰ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุฌู’ุนูŽู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ูƒูู„ู‘ู ู…ูŽูŠู‘ูุชูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุญูŽุงุฌูุฒู‹ุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุชู‘ูุฑูŽุงุจู ู„ููŠูŽุตููŠุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุญููƒู’ู…ู ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽูŠู’ู†ู ู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ยซุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠู‘ู โ€“ ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ โ€“ ูููŠ ุดูู‡ูŽุฏูŽุงุกู ุฃูุญูุฏู ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู‚ูŽุฏู‘ูู…ููˆุง ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ู‚ูุฑู’ุขู†ู‹ุงยป ุงู‡ู€.

ุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏูŠุฉ (1/ 166) ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ู ุงุซู’ู†ูŽุงู†ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซูŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฌูŽุฉู ููŽูŠููˆุถูŽุนู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ู ู…ูู…ู‘ูŽุง ูŠูŽู„ููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจู’ู„ูŽุฉูŽ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูู„ูŽุงู…ู ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูู†ู’ุซูŽู‰ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽู„ู’ููŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ูˆูŽูŠูุฌู’ุนูŽู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ูƒูู„ู‘ู ู…ูŽูŠู‘ูุชูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุญูŽุงุฌูุฒูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุชู‘ูุฑูŽุงุจูุŒ ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ู…ูุญููŠุทู ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุฑูŽุฎู’ุณููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุง ุฑูŽุฌูู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ู ูŠูู‚ูŽุฏู‘ูŽู…ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽุญู’ุฏู ุฃูŽูู’ุถูŽู„ูู‡ูู…ูŽุงุŒ ู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญููŠุทู ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชูŽุง ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูŽูŠู’ู†ูุŒ ู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุชูŽุงุฑู’ุฎูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ูŽุฉ.

[4] ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (2/ 209) ูˆูŽูููŠ ููŽุชู’ุญู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุฏููŠุฑู ูˆูŽูŠููƒู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูู’ู†ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู…ูŽุงูƒูู†ู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุชููŠ ุชูุณูŽู…ู‘ูŽู‰ ููŽุณูŽุงู‚ููŠ ุงู‡ู€.

ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ูˆูุฌููˆู‡ู: ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุนูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽุญู’ุฏู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ุฏูŽูู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽู…ูŽุงุนูŽุฉู ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ู„ูุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุถูŽุฑููˆุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู„ูุซู ุงุฎุชู„ูŽุงุทู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูุฌูŽุงู„ู ุจูุงู„ู†ู‘ูุณูŽุงุกู ู…ูู†ู’ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุญูŽุงุฌูุฒู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู‚ูุนู ูููŠ ูƒูŽุซููŠุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุงุจูุนู ุชูŽุฌู’ุตููŠุตูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุจูู†ูŽุงุกู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูŽุง

3.) Can we throw soil directly on the shroud or do we need some form of separation (polythene or thick material) โ€“ use of wood might not be practical

Answer:

Placing soil or any material directly on the body should be avoided.[1] Rather the material should be placed over an inner trench in a manner that it is suspended over the body and not resting on it. We would suggest using sheet wood, such as plywood[2] to cover the bodies, as opposed to single planks. This will help save time when covering the body. This sheet wood only needs to be large enough to cover the inner trench and does not have to cover the full width of the grave as the purpose is to just prevent the soil from falling directly on the body. Materials like polythene and sand should not be used as it will not fulfil this purpose.

We have identified three possible methods of arrangements for mass graves:

1 Extended Trench

This is where the bodies will be placed in a straight line in a manner where the head of the next body is at the feet of the first body.[3]

2 Single rows

The bodies will be placed in a single row, next to each other, side by side. There will only be one row of bodies.

3 Multiple rows

The bodies will be placed side by side next to each other. Once, the row has been filled another row will start at the feet of those bodies which are in the first row.

If adopting method one the small planks of wood can still be used to cover the body. If this becomes difficult, large sheets of plywood can be used.

If adopting method two or three, the ideal method would be to dig multiple smaller trenches within a mass grave. These trenches can be dug large enough so that they can contain a few bodies in each.[4] In this manner the wall on either side of the trench can be used to support the wood that will protect the bodies.

[1] ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 254)

ูˆูŠุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏุŒ ุฃูŠ ูŠุณู†ุฏ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆูŠู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ุจู† ููŠู‡.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€ ุฐูƒุฑ ุดุฑูŠุญ: ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุงู…ุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏ โ€ ูˆูŠู†ุตุจ ุณุฏุง ุญุงู…ูŠุง ูƒูŠู„ุง ูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุช

[2] ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (2/ 208)

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู ูˆูŽูŠูุณูŽูˆู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽุจูู†ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุตูŽุจู) ุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฌูุนูู„ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูู‡ู โ€“ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงู…ู โ€“ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽุจูู†ู ูˆูŽุทูู†ู‘ูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุตูŽุจู โ€ฆ ูˆูŽุงุฎู’ุชูู„ูููŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ุณููˆุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุตูŽุจูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูู†ู’ุณูŽุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุฑู’ุฏููŠู‘ู ูŠููƒู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ูู…ู’ุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูู„ุชู‘ูŽุฒู’ูŠููŠู†ู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฌู’ุชูŽุจูŽู‰ (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุขุฌูุฑู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุดูŽุจู) ุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ู„ูุฅูุญู’ูƒูŽุงู…ู ุงู„ู’ุจูู†ูŽุงุกู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽู„ูŽุงุก ูˆูŽู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ุขุฌูุฑู‘ู ุฃูŽุซูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุงุฑู ููŽูŠููƒู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุชูŽููŽุงุคูู„ู‹ุงย 

ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 254)

ูˆูŠุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏุŒ ุฃูŠ ูŠุณู†ุฏ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆูŠู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ุจู† ููŠู‡.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€ ุฐูƒุฑ ุดุฑูŠุญ: ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุงู…ุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏ โ€ ูˆูŠู†ุตุจ ุณุฏุง ุญุงู…ูŠุง ูƒูŠู„ุง ูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชุŒ ูˆุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ููŠู‡ ุจุฅุฌู…ุงุนุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงุจู† ุญุจูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูƒูŠุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ุง ูŠุณู†ุฏ ุจู‡ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุซู… ุงู„ู„ูˆุญ ุซู… ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงู…ุฏ ุซู… ุงู„ุขุฌุฑ ุซู… ุงู„ุญุฌุงุฑุฉ ุซู… ุงู„ู‚ุตุจุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุงุจูˆุช.ย 

ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 610)

ย โ€œูˆูƒุฑู‡โ€ ูˆุถุน โ€œุงู„ุขุฌุฑโ€ ุจุงู„ู…ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุฑู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุจู† โ€œูˆุงู„ุฎุดุจโ€ ู…ุญู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุจู„ุง ูƒู„ูุฉ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฎุดุจ ูˆุงู„ุขุฌุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู‚ุฏู… ุงู„ู„ุจู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุงู‡ุฉ ู„ูƒูˆู†ู‡ู…ุง ู„ู„ุฅุญูƒุงู… ูˆุงู„ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ูˆู„ุฐุง ู‚ุงู„ ุจุนุถ ู…ุดุงูŠุฎู†ุง ุฅู†ู…ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ุขุฌุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุจู‡ ุงู„ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ุฃู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุจู‡ ุฏูุน ุฃุฐู‰ ุงู„ุณุจุงุน ุฃูˆ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ู„ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ูˆู…ุง ู‚ูŠู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุณ ุงู„ู†ุงุฑ ูู„ูŠุณ ุจุตุญูŠุญ

โ€œูˆุฅู„ุง ูู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฎโ€ ุฃูŠ ูˆุฅู† ู„ู… ุชุญู…ู„ ูƒุฑุงู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุขุฌุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฎุดุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงู„ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุจู„ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ูƒุฑุงู‡ุฉ ู…ุทู„ู‚ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุฑุฌุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ุจู† ู…ุนุฏูˆู…ุง ูˆูŠูˆุฌุฏุงู† ูˆุงู„ุชูƒู„ูŠู ุจู‡ ุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ููŠู‡ ุญุฑุฌ ุนุธูŠู… ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: โ€œู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุงู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฎโ€ ุนู„ุฉ ู„ู…ุญุฐูˆู ุฃูŠ ูู„ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ุงู† ุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุงู‡ุฉ ู„ูƒูˆู†ู‡ู…ุง ู„ู„ุฃุญูƒุงู… ูˆุงู„ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฅู†ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุบุงู„ุจุง ุนู†ุฏ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุบูŠุฑู‡ู…ุง ุฃู…ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุนุฏู… ูุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ู‡ู…ุง ู„ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ

[3] ุงู„ู…ูˆุณูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุชูŠุฉ (21/ 18) ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุณูŽูˆู‘ูŽู‰ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฑูุกููˆุณูู‡ูู…ู’ุŒ ุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุญูŽููŽุฑูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู‹ุง ุทูŽูˆููŠู„ุงู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽุฌูŽุนูŽู„ ุฑูŽุฃู’ุณูŽ ูƒูู„ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูŽู‰ ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุฑูุฌู’ู„ ุงู„ุขู’ุฎูŽุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽุจูู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุตูŽุฑู‘ูŽุญูŽ ุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏู.

[4] ุญู„ุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ูŠ ูˆ ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู† ูŠุฏูู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ูุงู† ูˆุฌุฏุช ุฌุงุฒุช ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ โ€ฆ ูˆ ูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุญุงุฌุฒ ู…ู† ุชุฑุงุจ ุงู† ุงู…ูƒู†

ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 612) ย โ€œูˆู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฏูู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏโ€ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ โ€œู„ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉโ€ ู‚ุงู„ ู‚ุงุถูŠุฎุงู† โ€œูˆูŠุญุฌุฒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุงุจโ€ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุบุฒูˆุงุช

โ€œูˆูŠุญุฌุฒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุงุจโ€ ู†ุฏุจุง ุฅู† ุฃู…ูƒู† ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงุจู† ุฃู…ูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌ ู„ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูƒู… ู‚ุจุฑูŠู† ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ

ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: โ€œู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุบุฒูˆุงุชโ€ ู‚ุงู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃูุงุถู„ ู„ู… ุฃุฌุฏู‡ ููŠู…ุง ุนู„ู…ุช ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุญุชู‰ ุฅู† ุฃุดู‡ุจ ุตุงุญุจ ู…ุงู„ูƒ ุฃู†ูƒุฑู‡ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ู„ุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู„ู‡ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุชุถูŠูŠู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ ุนู†ู‡

4.) Are we allowed to put sand that has not come out of the grave as a soft layer on top of the shroud or separating layer as a buffer before backfilling with heavy clay?

Answer:

Based on our understanding, it should not be difficult to acquire sheet wood to be used as mentioned in the previous question. Sand would not fulfil the purpose of the separating layer. ย Please see question three for details.[1]

[1] ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 254)

ูˆูŠุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ุจู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏุŒ ุฃูŠ ูŠุณู†ุฏ ุงู„ู„ุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆูŠู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ุจู† ููŠู‡.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€ ุฐูƒุฑ ุดุฑูŠุญ: ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุงู…ุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏ โ€ ูˆูŠู†ุตุจ ุณุฏุง ุญุงู…ูŠุง ูƒูŠู„ุง ูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุช

5.) Should the mass burial be in a single row or can it be multiple rows as below?

Answer:

See question three for three methods of mass burial. All three methods will be permissible.

6.) Can we do another row of burials above in each of the options above

Answer:

Multiple level burials have not been discussed by the jurists. Based on our understanding there does not seem to be any reason to prohibit such burials for the following reasons:

  1. Once the lower level graves have been filled, these lower graves are not opened nor disturbed when filling the graves above. Some may argue that when filling the graves above the burial team will be standing on top of the first grave. However, this should not be an issue as one is permitted to stand over a grave for the purpose of burying a body.[1] Jurists have also made a distinction between walking on a grave bare foot as opposed to walking with footwear, with the former being permissible not the latter.[2] From this we understand that being over the grave in itself is not the reason for prohibition, rather, the disrespect caused by wearing footwear is. Similarly, having one grave over another, in a manner where they are separated by enough soil which stops one body from falling on the other, would not be problematic as it is not being done out of disrespect of the lower grave. This would be different to having a weak barrier where one body would end up falling on to the other as this is clearly disrespectful. In addition to this there are also narrations which mention instances where companions would sit or rest on graves. This further supports this argument.[3]
  2. The jurists have mentioned that when soil is placed between bodies in a horizontal mass grave, it falls in the ruling of two separate graves.[4] Based on this, we can also consider multiple level vertical burials as separate graves as the bodies are separated by soil.
  3. The jurists have allowed for a grave to be opened and reused once the body has decomposed.[5] The Hanafi jurist Ibn แฟพAbidin argues that in major cities there is a great need to re-use graves, and this would be permissible once the first body has decomposed.[6] If burying in the same grave after a body has decomposed is permissible and not considered to violate the sanctity of the first deceased, then burying a person in a separate grave above should also be permissible.
  4. A final point to take into consideration is that many cities are suffering from extreme shortages of burial space. This has resulted in the price of one grave averaging around ยฃ4000 with some cemeteries charging up to ยฃ10,000 for bodies which are not from the local area. Utilising the method of multiple level burials provides a solution to this shortage of space.

In the absence of clear juridical text prohibiting multi-level burial, and in light of the above- mentioned arguments, we do not see any reason to prohibit this type of burial method as long as there is no chance of the upper grave crushing the lower one.

[1] ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 619)

ู†ุฏุจ ุฒูŠุงุฑุชู‡ุงโ€ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู† ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ

โ€œู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู† ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑโ€ โ€ฆ ย ูˆููŠ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ูˆุทุก ู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ูƒุฏูู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุช ู„ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณุฑุงุฌ ูุฅู† ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ู„ู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุฌุงุฒ ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ูˆู„ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุนู„ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูˆูƒุฑู‡ู‡ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู…: โ€œูˆุฅู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณู…ุน ุฎูู‚ ู†ุนุงู„ู‡ู… ุฅุฐุง ุงู†ุตุฑููˆุง ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ู…ุจูŠุช ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจุฑ ู„ู…ุง ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุญุดุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃู‡ูˆุงู„โ€

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 245)

ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ ููŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุธู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุญุฏุซ ุญุชู‰ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑู‡ ุฅู„ุง ุจูˆุทุก ู‚ุจุฑ ุชุฑูƒู‡.

(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ ุฅู„ุฎ) ู‚ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุญ: ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑุŒ ูˆูˆุทุคู‡ุŒ ูˆุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ูู…ุง ูŠุตู†ุนู‡ ู…ู† ุฏูู†ุช ุญูˆู„ ุฃู‚ุงุฑุจู‡ ุฎู„ู‚ ู…ู† ูˆุทุก ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูŠุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑ ู‚ุฑูŠุจู‡ ู…ูƒุฑูˆู‡. ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑุŒ ูˆู‚ุถุงุก ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจู„ ุฃูˆู„ู‰ุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุนู‡ุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุนู‡ูˆุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุณ ุฅู„ุง ุฒูŠุงุฑุชู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ุฏุนุงุก ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ู‚ุงุฆู…ุง ุงู‡ู€.

ู‚ู„ุช: ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฃุญูƒุงู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ุง: ู„ูˆ ูˆุฌุฏ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุง ุฅู† ูˆู‚ุน ููŠ ู‚ู„ุจู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู„ุง ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจู‡. ูˆููŠ ุฎุฒุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ ูˆุนู† ุฃุจูŠ ุญู†ูŠูุฉ: ู„ุง ูŠูˆุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุฅู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉุŒ ูˆูŠุฒุงุฑ ู…ู† ุจุนูŠุฏ ูˆู„ุง ูŠู‚ุนุฏุŒ ูˆุฅู† ูุนู„ ูŠูƒุฑู‡. ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุจุนุถู‡ู…: ู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฃู† ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุจุญ ุฃูˆ ูŠุฏุนูˆ ู„ู‡ู…. ุงู‡ู€

[2] ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 619)

ู†ุฏุจ ุฒูŠุงุฑุชู‡ุงโ€ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู† ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ

โ€œู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู† ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑโ€ ููŠ ุดุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณู„ุงู… ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู† ู„ุง ูŠุทุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ ููŠ ู†ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆูŠุณุชุญุจ ุฃู† ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ ุญุงููŠุง ูˆูŠุฏุนูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุงู„ ุดุงุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ุงู„ูˆุทุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจุฑ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุญุงููŠุง ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู†ุชุนู„ ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุฏุนูˆ ู„ุฃู‡ู„ู‡ุง ูˆูŠูˆุงูู‚ู‡ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุฒุงู†ุฉ ุญูŠุซ ู†ู‚ู„ ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุฃู† ูŠู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ูŠุทุฃู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ู‚ุงุฑู‰ุก ุงู„ู‚ุฑุขู† ุฃูˆ ู…ุณุจุญ ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุน ู„ู‡ู… ุงู‡ู€

[3] ุดุฑุญ ู…ุนุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุขุซุงุฑ (1/ 517) ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู‡ูุฑูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠู‘ูŽ ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ยซู…ูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุนูŽุฏูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู , ููŽุชูŽุบูŽูˆู‘ูŽุทูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุจูŽุงู„ูŽ , ููŽูƒูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุนูŽุฏูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽู…ู’ุฑูŽุฉูยป ููŽุซูŽุจูŽุชูŽ ุจูุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฌูู„ููˆุณูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ู‡ููŠู‘ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุขุซูŽุงุฑู ุงู„ู’ุฃููˆูŽู„ู , ู‡ููˆูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฌูู„ููˆุณู , ููŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฌูู„ููˆุณู ู„ูุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ , ููŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฏู’ุฎูู„ู’ ูููŠ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู’ูŠู. ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุญูŽู†ููŠููŽุฉูŽ , ูˆูŽุฃูŽุจููŠ ูŠููˆุณูููŽ , ูˆูŽู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ุฑูŽุญูู…ูŽู‡ูู…ู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰. ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุฑููˆููŠูŽ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ูู…ู’ โ€ฆ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ูŽูˆู’ู„ู‹ู‰ ู„ูุขู„ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู‡ู: ยซุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ูŽ ุจู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุทูŽุงู„ูุจู ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ูŠูŽุฌู’ู„ูุณู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจููˆุฑูยป ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽู‰: ูƒูู†ู’ุชู ุฃูŽุจู’ุณูุทู ู„ูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‚ู’ุจูŽุฑูŽุฉู , ููŽูŠูŽุชูŽูˆูŽุณู‘ูŽุฏู ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู‹ุง , ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ูŠูŽุถู’ุทูŽุฌูุน โ€ฆ ย ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู†ูŽุงููุนู‹ุงุŒ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู‡ู: ยซุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุจู’ู†ูŽ ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ูŠูŽุฌู’ู„ูุณู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจููˆุฑูยป

[4] ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ (3/ 260) ูˆูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุฑุฌู„ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ููŠ ุดุฑุญู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุณุฑุฎุณูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุจุณูˆุท โ€œุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ ููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ โ€œ: ุฅู† ูˆู‚ุนุช ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูู„ุง ุจุฃุณ ุจุฃู† ูŠุฏูู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ุงู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ.

ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ู…ุฑุบูŠู†ุงู†ูŠ โ€ ุฃูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅุฌู…ุงุน. ูˆููŠ โ€ ุงู„ุจุฏุงุฆุน โ€œ: ูˆูŠู‚ุฏู… ุฃูุถู„ู‡ู…ุง ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุญุงุฌุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ ููŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูƒู… ู‚ุจุฑูŠู†

ุงู„ุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ู„ุชุนู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ (1/ 96) ูˆูŽูŠููƒู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุฏู’ููŽู†ูŽ ุงุซู’ู†ูŽุงู†ู ูููŠ ู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ู„ูุถูŽุฑููˆุฑูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูุฌู’ุนูŽู„ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง

(ุชูุฑูŽุงุจูŒ) ู„ููŠูŽุตููŠุฑูŽ ูƒูŽู‚ูŽุจู’ุฑูŽูŠู’ู†ู.

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 219) (ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ) ุฅู†ู…ุง ู‚ูŠุฏ ุจู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฏูู† ุงุซู†ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุตุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุชุฑุงุจุง ููŠุฌูˆุฒ ุญูŠู†ุฆุฐ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุงู„ุฒุฑุน ุฅู„ุง ู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ููŠูˆุถุน ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ุชุฑุงุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ุจู† ู„ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูƒู‚ุจุฑูŠู† ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจู„ุฉ ุซู… ุงู„ุบู„ุงู… ุซู… ุงู„ุฎู†ุซู‰ ุซู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ู„ุชู‚ู‰.

[5] ูุชุญ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุฑ ู„ู„ูƒู…ุงู„ ุงุจู† ุงู„ู‡ู…ุงู… (2/ 141) ูˆู„ุง ูŠุญูุฑ ู‚ุจุฑ ู„ุฏูู† ุขุฎุฑ ุฅู„ุง ุฅู† ุจู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูู„ู… ูŠุจู‚ ู„ู‡ ุฅู„ุง ุนุธู… ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุจุฏ ููŠุถู… ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูˆูŠุฌุนู„ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ุญุงุฌุฒ ู…ู† ุชุฑุงุจ

[6] ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 233)

ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ุฒูŠู„ุนูŠ: ูˆู„ูˆ ุจู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุช ูˆุตุงุฑ ุชุฑุงุจุง ุฌุงุฒ ุฏูู† ุบูŠุฑู‡ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑู‡ ูˆุฒุฑุนู‡ ูˆุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู‡ู€. ู‚ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู…ุฏุงุฏ: ูˆูŠุฎุงู„ูู‡ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุชุงุฑุฎุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠุช ุชุฑุงุจุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฏูู† ุบูŠุฑู‡ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑู‡ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุญุฑู…ุฉ ุจุงู‚ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฅู† ุฌู…ุนูˆุง ุนุธุงู…ู‡ ููŠ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุซู… ุฏูู† ุบูŠุฑู‡ ููŠู‡ ุชุจุฑูƒุง ุจุงู„ุฌูŠุฑุงู† ุงู„ุตุงู„ุญูŠู†ุŒ ูˆูŠูˆุฌุฏ ู…ูˆุถุน ูุงุฑุบ ูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฐู„ูƒ. ุงู‡ู€. ู‚ู„ุช: ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุดู‚ุฉ ุนุธูŠู…ุฉุŒ ูุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุงุทุฉ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุฒ ุจุงู„ุจู„ู‰ ุฅุฐ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุนุฏ ู„ูƒู„ ู…ูŠุช ู‚ุจุฑ ู„ุง ูŠุฏูู† ููŠู‡ ุบูŠุฑู‡ุŒ ูˆุฅู† ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุชุฑุงุจุง ู„ุง ุณูŠู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉุŒ ูˆุฅู„ุง ู„ุฒู… ุฃู† ุชุนู… ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณู‡ู„ ูˆุงู„ูˆุนุฑุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนุธู… ุนุณุฑ ุฌุฏุง ูˆุฅู† ุฃู…ูƒู† ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ุงุณุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ููŠ ุฌุนู„ู‡ ุญูƒู…ุง ุนุงู…ุง ู„ูƒู„ ุฃุญุฏ ูุชุฃู…ู„.

7.) Can we bury the deceased if we are inundated with large numbers without doing Ghusl

Answer:

The covid-19 situation is constantly changing. For this reason, it is difficult to issue one particular ruling, as the situation could change very quickly. We would advise the following steps to be followed based on the particular scenario:

  1. If it is practical and safe to do so, ritual bathing of each deceased should be carried out separately. To speed up the process one may choose to just wash the entire body once from top to bottom.
  2. If there are multiple bodies, they can be placed next to each other in a line. The clothing will be removed from each of the bodies and a cloth should be placed over the private area (แฟพawrah). The bodies will then either be hosed down or water will just be poured over once.[1] In this manner the ritual bath of multiple bodies can be done in a short amount of time whilst utilising minimum resources.
  3. Performing tayammum on the bodies. The person carrying out the tayammum will place their hands on the ground and then wipe the face and arms (fingers to elbow) of the deceased.

Based on the current situation, we would advise step two to be followed. Going to each body to perform tayammum requires more contact with the body, hence increasing risk, and may even take longer than hosing. Also, tayammum should be used as a last resort, utilised only where it is not possible to carry out washing with water. We would advise that all bodies be lined up next to each other and then either hosed down or have water poured over them. We would also suggest a special tilting facility be designed to help move the body from side to side. This could make it easier for the water (eg., from a hose) to reach all areas quickly and require minimal direct contact by the person doing the washing.

The current guidance regarding covid-19 patients is that they do not have to be kept in a body bag. If a body does come in a body bag and there is no restriction on opening the bag, and it can be opened safely, then the ritual bath must be carried out. In the event where one is absolutely prohibited from opening the bag, there will not be a ritual purification for the body. Rather, the janazah prayer and burial will take place without ghusl or tayammum. There is no need to pour water or wipe over the bag itself.[2]

One may argue that it is not permissible to perform janazah salat over a body if it has not been washed, since washing is a condition for the salat. However, there are juristic text which indicate that if it is not possible to wash the body, the obligation of washing drops and salat becomes permissible. [3]

With the exception of this last scenario, it would not be permissible to bury the body without having performed either a ritual bath or tayammum. If method number two is adopted and applied in an efficient manner this should be sufficient to cover ritual bath for many bodies at one time.

[1] ุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุทุงูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูู„ุงุญ ุดุฑุญ ู†ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุถุงุญ (ุต: 569) ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุชูุฎ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุนุฐุฑ ู…ุณู‡ ูŠุตุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุก

[2] ุชุจูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุญู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุดู„ุจูŠ (1/ 45) (ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽู‡ู ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู‹ุง ุชูŽูŠูŽู…ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ) ุฃูŽูŠู’ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุฃูŽุนู’ุถูŽุงุกู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู‹ุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตู’ุบูŽุฑู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุฌูŽู…ููŠุนู ุจูŽุฏูŽู†ูู‡ู ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู‹ุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูƒู’ุจูŽุฑู ุชูŽูŠูŽู…ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุญููƒู’ู…ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒูู„ู‘ู

ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆู‚ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู†ุฒ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆู…ู†ุญุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ูˆุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูˆุฑูŠ (1/ 171)

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูู‡ู ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู‹ุง ุชูŽูŠูŽู…ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ูˆูŽุจูุนูŽูƒู’ุณูู‡ู ูŠูŽุบู’ุณูู„ู) ุฃูŽูŠู’ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุฃูŽุนู’ุถูŽุงุกู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู‹ุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตู’ุบูŽุฑู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุฌูŽู…ููŠุนู ุจูŽุฏูŽู†ูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูƒู’ุจูŽุฑู ุชูŽูŠูŽู…ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญู ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฌู’ุฑููˆุญู ูŠูŽุบู’ุณูู„ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุญููƒู’ู…ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒูู„ู‘ู ูˆูŽูŠูŽู…ู’ุณูŽุญู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูุฑูŽุงุญูŽุฉู ุฅู†ู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุถูุฑู‘ูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ููŽุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฎูุฑู’ู‚ูŽุฉูุŒ

[3] ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 224)

(ูˆุฅู† ุฏูู†) ูˆุฃู‡ูŠู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ (ุจุบูŠุฑ ุตู„ุงุฉ) ุฃูˆ ุจู‡ุง ุจู„ุง ุบุณู„ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ู† ู„ุง ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ (ุตู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑู‡) ุงุณุชุญุณุงู†ุง

(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ุฃูˆ ุจู‡ุง ุจู„ุง ุบุณู„) ู‡ุฐุง ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุณู…ุงุนุฉ. ูˆุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุตู„ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจู„ุง ุบุณู„ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุดุฑูˆุนุฉ ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุบุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุณุฑุงุฌ ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ ู‚ูŠู„ ู„ุง ูŠุตู„ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑู‡. ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฎูŠ: ูŠุตู„ู‰ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงุณุชุญุณุงู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู„ู… ูŠุนุชุฏ ุจู‡ุง ู„ุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ุดุฑุท ู…ุน ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุฒุงู„ ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ูุณู‚ุทุช ูุฑุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ุบุณู„ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠู‚ุชุถูŠ ุชุฑุฌูŠุญ ุงู„ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู†ู‡ุฑ.

8.) If we cannot bury without giving ghusl then can we use a hose pipe and what are the formalities for performing ghusl in this way?

Answer:

This would be permissible. Please see the answer to question seven for detail.

9.) Are such deceased regarded as martyrs and if so, can we do tayyamum?

Answer:

There are two types of martyrs in Islam. The first is a martyr of this life and the next life. This is one who dies in a battle. The ruling for them is that they will not be given a ritual bath when they pass away. The second type is a martyr of the next world only, which means they will be rewarded similar to the former. But the difference between the two is that the latter must be given a ritual bath and shrouded when they pass away. If Allah wills, covid-19 patients who die could be classed among the second category of martyrs[1] but not the first. Therefore, they have to be bathed (as detailed above) and shrouded just like any other deceased.

[1] ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 252) (ู„ุง) ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุฑุชุซุง ุจุดูŠุก ู…ู…ุง ุฐูƒุฑุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุดู‡ูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ุŒ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูุงู„ู…ุฑุชุซ ุดู‡ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑุฉ ูˆูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฌู†ุจ ูˆู†ุญูˆู‡ุŒ ูˆู…ู† ู‚ุตุฏ ุงู„ุนุฏูˆ ูุฃุตุงุจ ู†ูุณู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุบุฑูŠู‚ ูˆุงู„ุญุฑูŠู‚ ูˆุงู„ุบุฑูŠุจ ูˆุงู„ู…ู‡ุฏูˆู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุงู„ู…ุจุทูˆู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุทุนูˆู† ูˆุงู„ู†ูุณุงุก ูˆุงู„ู…ูŠุช ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุนุฉ ูˆุตุงุญุจ ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุฌู†ุจ ูˆู…ู† ู…ุงุช ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุทู„ุจ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุณูŠูˆุทูŠ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู†

(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ูˆุงู„ู…ุทุนูˆู†) ูˆูƒุฐุง ู…ู† ู…ุงุช ููŠ ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงุนูˆู† ุจุบูŠุฑู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฃู‚ุงู… ููŠ ุจู„ุฏู‡ ุตุงุจุฑุง ู…ุญุชุณุจุง ูุฅู† ู„ู‡ ุฃุฌุฑ ุงู„ุดู‡ูŠุฏ ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุญุฏูŠุซ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ. ูˆุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ุญุงูุธ ุงุจู† ุญุฌุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุณุฃู„ ููŠ ู‚ุจุฑู‡ ุฃุฌู‡ูˆุฑูŠ โ€ฆ ูˆุฐูƒุฑ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุฃูŠุถุง ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ุฒุงุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง: ู…ู† ู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุทุงุนูˆู† ูƒู…ุง ู…ุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ุญุฑู‚ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุงุจุทุง ุฃูˆ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ูƒู„ ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุณูˆุฑุฉ ูŠุณุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุตุฑุน ุนู† ุฏุงุจุฉ ูู…ุงุช

ุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ (7/ 131) ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฆูุดูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠู‘ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽุชู’ู†ูŽุง: ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุณูŽุฃูŽู„ูŽุชู’ ุฑูŽุณููˆู„ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู†ูุŒ ููŽุฃูŽุฎู’ุจูŽุฑูŽู‡ูŽุง ู†ูŽุจููŠู‘ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ: ยซุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุนูŽุฐูŽุงุจู‹ุง ูŠูŽุจู’ุนูŽุซูู‡ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุดูŽุงุกูุŒ ููŽุฌูŽุนูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฑูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฉู‹ ู„ูู„ู’ู…ูุคู’ู…ูู†ููŠู†ูŽุŒ ููŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ูŠูŽู‚ูŽุนู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู†ูุŒ ููŽูŠูŽู…ู’ูƒูุซู ูููŠ ุจูŽู„ูŽุฏูู‡ู ุตูŽุงุจูุฑู‹ุงุŒ ูŠูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุตููŠุจูŽู‡ู ุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุชูŽุจูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู‡ูุŒ ุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ู ู…ูุซู’ู„ู ุฃูŽุฌู’ุฑู ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽู‡ููŠุฏู

ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู†ูˆูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณู„ู… (14/ 204) ูˆูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู†ู ููŽู‡ููˆูŽ ู‚ูุฑููˆุญูŒ ุชูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุณูŽุฏู ููŽุชูŽูƒููˆู†ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑูŽุงููู‚ู ุฃูŽูˆู ุงู„ู’ุขุจูŽุงุทู ุฃูŽูˆู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูŠู’ุฏููŠ ุฃูˆุงู„ุฃุตุงุจุน ูˆูŽุณูŽุงุฆูุฑู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุฏูŽู†ู ูˆูŽูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ู…ูŽุนูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽุฑูŽู…ูŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู„ูŽู…ูŒ ุดูŽุฏููŠุฏูŒ ูˆุชุฎุฑุฌ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุฑูˆุญ ู…ุน ู„ู‡ูŠุจ ูˆูŠุณูˆุฏ ู…ุงุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูŠูŽุฎู’ุถูŽุฑู‘ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูŠูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฑู‘ู ุญูู…ู’ุฑูŽุฉู‹ ุจูŽู†ูŽูู’ุณูŽุฌููŠู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ูƒูŽุฏูุฑูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽูŠูŽุญู’ุตูู„ู ู…ูŽุนูŽู‡ู ุฎูŽููŽู‚ูŽุงู†ู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽู„ู’ุจู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูŠู’ุกู

ุนู…ุฏุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฑูŠ ุดุฑุญ ุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ุจุฎุงุฑูŠ (16/ 58)

ย (ูููŠ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู†) ุฃูŽูŠ: ูููŠ ุญูŽุงู„ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู† ูˆุดุฃู†ู‡ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฒู†: ูุงุนูˆู„ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุนู’ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุฃูŽู†ู‡ ุนุฏู„ ุนูŽู† ุฃูŽุตู„ู‡ ูˆูŽูˆุถุน ุฏูŽุงู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุช ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุงู… ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณูŽู…ู‘ู‰ ุจุงู„ูˆุจุงุก ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽู„ููŠู„: ุงู„ูˆุจุงุก ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู†ุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŠู„: ู‡ููˆูŽ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุถ ุนูŽุงู… ูŠูŽู‚ุน ุจููƒูŽุซููŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุงุณ ู†ูˆุนุง ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู‹ุงุŒ ุจูุฎูู„ูŽุงู ุณูŽุงุฆูุฑ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ู‚ูŽุงุชุŒ ููŽุฅูู† ุฃู…ุฑุงุถู‡ู… ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ู…ูุฎู’ุชูŽู„ููŽุฉ. ููŽู‚ูŽุงู„ููˆุง: ูƒู„ ุทุงุนูˆู† ูˆุจุงุกุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ูƒู„ ูˆุจุงุก ุทุงุนูˆู†ุงู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŠู„: ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุงุนููˆู† ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุช ุงู„ู’ูƒุซูŠุฑ. ูˆูŽู‚ูŠู„: ุจุซุฑ ูˆูˆุฑู… ู…ุคู„ู… ุฌุฏุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ูŽุนูŽ ู„ู‡ูŠุจ ูˆูŠุณูˆุฏ ู…ูŽุง ุญูˆู„ู‡ ุฃูŽูˆ ูŠุฎุถุฑ ูˆูŽูŠุญุตู„ ู…ูŽุนูŽู‡ ุฎูู‚ุงู† ุงู„ู’ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุก ูˆูŽูŠุฎุฑุฌ ูููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุขุจุงุท

10.) Can the Janรฃzah salah be performed after backfilling the mass burial grave

Answer:

The jurists mention that if a body is buried without janazah salat being performed over it, it will be permissible to perform the salat at the grave. However, this should not be done as a first option. Rather, the janazah salat should take place first. To reduce delay in burial, it would be permissible to place all the bodies in a line, one behind another, in front of the Imam and perform one janazah salat over all the bodies. Another method would be to place the bodies as though they are in a row. The imam will stand facing the body in the middle of this row.[1]

Concluding remarks

If the ritual bath, janazah prayer and mass burial are carried out as mentioned in these answers, this should increase the turn-around time for burials, inshฤ Allah, and allow cemeteries to be able to keep up with the demand. The ritual bath, prayer and burial are important rights of the deceased. One should take as much care as they can to ensure that these rights are fulfilled and that the bodies are treated with respect and dignity.

The conclusions derived in this fatwa have been reached after consulting with relevant health care professionals, funeral directors and other senior scholars. We understand that these are very difficult and challenging circumstances for the entire community, and we have tried to take everyoneโ€™s best interest into consideration.

We pray that Allah alleviates these difficult times from us all.

And Allah knows best

Answered by

Mufti Zubair Patel

Mawlana Hilal Patel

Checked, edited and approved by

Mufti Abdur-Rahman Mangera

Whitethread Institute

[1] ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 224) (ูˆุฅู† ุฏูู†) ูˆุฃู‡ูŠู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจ (ุจุบูŠุฑ ุตู„ุงุฉ) ุฃูˆ ุจู‡ุง ุจู„ุง ุบุณู„ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ู† ู„ุง ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ (ุตู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑู‡) ุงุณุชุญุณุงู†ุง (ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุบู„ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุธู† ุชูุณุฎู‡) ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุชู‚ุฏูŠุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุตุญ

ุงู„ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ ูˆุญุงุดูŠุฉ ุงุจู† ุนุงุจุฏูŠู† (ุฑุฏ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฑ) (2/ 218) (ูˆุฅุฐุง ุงุฌุชู…ุนุช ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุฆุฒ ูุฅูุฑุงุฏ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ) ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ (ุฃูˆู„ู‰) ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู…ุน ูˆุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ุฃูุถู„ (ูˆุฅู† ุฌู…ุน) ุฌุงุฒุŒ ุซู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุฆุฒ ุตูุง ูˆุงุญุฏุง ูˆู‚ุงู… ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูุถู„ู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆุฅู† ุดุงุก (ุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ุตูุง ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจู„ุฉ) ูˆุงุญุฏุง ุฎู„ู ูˆุงุญุฏ (ุจุญูŠุซ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตุฏุฑ ูƒู„) ุฌู†ุงุฒุฉ (ู…ู…ุง ูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงู…)

This answer was collected from FatwaCentre.org, which is overseen by Dr. Mufti Abdur-Rahman Mangera.

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