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Words Of Divorce

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Darulifta Azaadville

Question:

If a man says that whenever he gets married his wife is divorced, is there any way to reverse this?

Answer:

If what Ridwan said was, “whenever I marry or whenever I get married, my wife is divorced” then divorce will take place each time that he himself enters into a marriage contract. But if someone else gets him married (without being formally deputed by Ridwan to perform his marriage), then the oath can be reversed and the way to go about it is as follows:

Someone else must perform the Nikah of Ridwan. What does that mean?

For example Umar is the friend of Ridwan and he knows the predicament that Ridwan is in based on the oath that he took. In that situation, Umar should act as a Fudhooly. A Fudhooly is a person that will perform the Nikah of two persons without being deputed by them (meaning that initially they will not even know that their Nikah was performed). Umar should find a suitable girl (example Zaynab) for Ridwan and in front of two witnesses he should tell Zaynab ‘I have performed your Nikah to Ridwan on so and so Mahr (example 5000 rand)’ and in reply to this, Zaynab should say, “I have accepted the Nikah.”

Thereafter, Umar will go to Ridwan and tell him I have performed your Nikah to Zaynab in lieu of 5000 rand of Mahr. At that moment, Ridwan must not say anything verbally, but rather he should bring the full amount of the Mahr or some of it, so that Umar can hand it over to Zaynab. This action of Ridwan will be a tacit approval from him that he also has accepted the Nikah.

In this way the Nikah will be correct, the oath will not be broken and no divorce will take place. 

Checked and Approved By:

Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.

(‌حَلَفَ ‌لَا ‌يَتَزَوَّجُ فَزَوَّجَهُ فُضُولِيٌّ فَأَجَازَ بِالْقَوْلِ حَنِثَ وَبِالْفِعْلِ)… (لَا) يَحْنَثُ بِهِ يُفْتَى خَانِيَّةٌ(در المختار) (قَوْلُهُ وَبِالْفِعْلِ) كَبَعْثِ الْمَهْرِ أَوْ بَعْضِهِ بِشَرْطِ أَنْ يَصِلَ إلَيْهَا وَقِيلَ الْوُصُولُ لَيْسَ بِشَرْطٍ نَهْرٌ(رد المحتار)

(فَفِي جَمِيعِهَا) أَيْ جَمِيعِ الْأَلْفَاظِ (إذَا وُجِدَ الشَّرْطُ انْتَهَتْ الْيَمِينُ)… (إلَّا فِي) كَلِمَةِ (كُلَّمَا فَإِنَّهَا تَنْتَهِي) الْيَمِينُ (فِيهَا بَعْدَ الثَّلَاثِ)… (مَا لَمْ تَدْخُلْ) تِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةُ (عَلَى) صِيغَةِ (التَّزَوُّجِ) لِدُخُولِهَا عَلَى سَبَبِ الْمِلْكِ (فَلَوْ قَالَ) تَفْرِيعٌ لِمَا قَبْلَهُ (كُلَّمَا تَزَوَّجْت امْرَأَةً فَهِيَ طَالِقٌ تَطْلُقُ بِكُلِّ تَزَوُّجٍ، وَلَوْ) وَصْلِيَّةٌ (بَعْدَ زَوْجٍ آخَرَ)… وَالْحِيلَةُ فِيهِ عَقْدُ الْفُضُولِيِّ… وَكَيْفِيَّةُ عَقْدِ الْفُضُولِيِّ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهُ فُضُولِيٌّ فَأَجَازَ بِالْفِعْلِ بِأَنْ سَاقَ الْمَهْرَ وَنَحْوَهُ لَا بِالْقَوْلِ فَلَا تَطْلُقُ(مجمع الانهر/ص418-419)

امداد الفتاوی/ج2/ص458

فتاوی محموديہ/ج19/198

This answer was collected from the official Ifta website of Darul Uloom Azaadville, South Africa. Most of the answers are checked and approved by Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.

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