Question:
Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuhu,
Dear Shafii Fiqh Team, I have a question regarding the quality of the following hadits:
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ , أَنَّهَا بَلَغَهَا قَوْلُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ: فِي الْقُبْلَةِ الْوُضُوءُ , فَقَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُول اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْه وَسَلَّمَ «يُقَبِّلُ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ ثُمَّ لَا يَتَوَضَّأُ» . وَلَا أَعْلَمُ حَدَّثَ بِهِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ هَكَذَا غَيْرُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ
This hadits was narrated by Imam Daruquthni rahimahullah. I already search in the maktabah syamilah but found no where the quality of the hadits from shafii scholars. Jazakallahu khairan katsira for your help.
Country: Indonesia
Answer:
Wa alaykum salam wa rahmatuLlahi wa barakatuHu,
In al-Sunan al-Kubra v. 1, p. 125, Imam Bayhaqi mentioned,
والحديث الصحيح عن عائشة في قبلة الصائم فحمله الضعفاء من الرواة على ترك الوضوء منها ولو صح إسناده لقلنا به إن شاء الله تعالى
“[Regarding] the well-authenticated hadith on the authority of ‘A’ishah regarding the kissing of one fasting, weak narrators mistransmitted it as not performing ablution on account of it; if there was a sahih isnad for it, we would maintain it insha’Allah.”
In his ‘Ilal v. 7, p. 47, Imam Ibn Abi Hatim mentioned,
وسألت أبي عن حديث رواه سعيد بن بشير عن منصور بن زاذان عن الزهري عن أبي سلمة عن عائشة كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقبل إذا خرج إلى الصلاة ولا يتوضأ فقال أبي هذا حديث منكر لا أصل له من حديث الزهري ولا أعلم منصور بن زاذان سمع من الزهري ولا روى عنه وحفظي عن أبي رحمه الله أنه قال إنما أراد الزهري عن أبي سلمة عن عائشة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقبل وهو صائم قلت لأبي الوهم ممن قال من سعيد بن بشير وسمعت أبي وأبا زرعة في حديث حجاج بن أرطاة عن عمرو بن شعيب عن زينب السهمية عن عائشة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه كان يتوضأ ويقبل ويصلي ولا يتوضأ فقالا الحجاج يدلس في حديثه عن الضعفاء ولا يحتج بحديثه
“I asked my father regarding a hadith narrated by Sa’id b. Bashir < Mansur b. Zadhan < Zuhri < Abu Salamah < ‘A’ishah that, ‘the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss when he would go out for prayer and not perform wudu’.’ Then, he said, ‘the hadith is munkar, there is no basis for it from Zuhri’s hadith. I do not believe that Mansur b. Zadhan heard from Zuhri and he did not relate from him.’ What I remember from my father (Allah have mercy with him) is that he said, ‘On the contrary, what is intended is Zuhri < Abu Salamah < ‘A’ishah that the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss while fasting [no mention of wudu’].’ I said to my father, ‘the error is from whom?’ He replied, ‘Sa’id b. Bashir.’ And I heard from both my father and Abu Zur’ah regarding the hadith of Hajjaj b. Artah < ‘Amr b. Shu’ayb < Zaynab < ‘A’ishah < the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) that, ‘he would perform ablution and kiss and then pray and not perform ablution.’ They both said, ‘Hajjah makes tadlis in his hadith from weak narrators, and his hadith are not suitable for ihtijaj.’”
In his ‘Ilal v. 15, p. 63, Imam Daraqutni mentioned,
وروى هذا الحديث هشام بن عروة واختلف عنه فرواه حاجب بن سليمان عن وكيع عن هشام بن عروة عن أبيه عن عائشة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقبل ثم يخرج إلى الصلاة ولا يتوضأ فوهم فيه حاجب وكان يحدث من حفظه ويقال إنه لم يكن له كتاب والصواب عن وكيع عن هشام عن أبيه عن عائشة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقبل وهو صائم
“And this hadith is narrated by Hisham b. ‘Urwah, there are differences here from him. Hajib b. Sulayman related it < Waki’ < Hisham b. ‘Urwah < his father < ‘A’ishah that the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss and thereafter go for prayer and not perform wudu’. Hajib is erring in it, he would relate from his memory. It is said that he never had a book! The correct version is from Hisham < his father < ‘A’ishah that the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss while he was fasting [no mentioned of wudu’].”
Also, as mentioned by Imam Daraqutni in his Sunan p. 115,
المحفوظ عن الزهري عن أبي سلمة عن عائشة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقبل وهو صائم
“The correct version is from Zuhri < Abu Salamah < ‘A’ishah that the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss while he was fasting [no mention of wudu’].”
The narration also comes from Habib b. Abi Thabit < ‘Urwah; and Habib did not hear anything from ‘Urwah. This is according to what Imam Daraqutni mentioned.
Again in his ‘Ilal v. 15, p. 64, Daraqutni mentioned,
والصحيح عن هشام عن أبيه عن عائشة أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقبل وهو صائم وكذلك رواه الزهري عن عروة عن عائشة
“What is correct is from Hisham < his father < ‘A’ishah that the Prophet (sallaAllahu alayhie wa sallam) would kiss while fasting [no mention of wudu’]; like that Zuhri related it < ‘Urwah < ‘A’ishah.”
In conclusion, ‘A’ishah’s hadith which includes mention of wudu’ did not meet the necessary standards to be deemed authentic; if it did, we would consider it.
And Allah knows best.
Shafiifiqh.com Fatwa Dept.