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Are Fanged-Deer Halal?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Seekersguidance.org

Answered by Shaykh Umer Mian

Question: Assalamu alaykum

Are fanged-deer halal? I am confused as they have fangs.

Answer: Wa alaikum as-salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu

Short answer: Deer are halal, i.e. permissible to eat, even if they may appear to have “fangs.”

Detailed answer:

The hadith relevant to your question is the following:

Ibn ‘Abbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited the eating of all fanged beasts of prey, and all the birds having talons (Sahih Muslim).

This hadith is understood to refer to predatory animals that use their fangs/talons for hunting. There are numerous animals that possess exaggerated incisor teeth that may resemble fangs. Examples include some camels, some deer, and rabbits. However, these animals are not predatory and do not use their “fangs” for hunting, and hence they do not fall under the prohibition mentioned above.

Sources: Mirqat al-Mafatih, al-Durr al-Mukhtar, Fatawa Qadikhan, al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu

Arabic source texts are below.

Wassalam,
[Shaykh] Umer Mian

فِي شَرْحِ السُّنَّةِ: أَرَادَ بِكُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مَا يَعْدُو بِنَابِهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ، كَالذِّئْبِ وَالْأَسَدِ وَالْكَلْبِ وَنَحْوِهَا، وَأَرَادَ بِذِي مِخْلَبٍ مَا يَقْطَعُ وَيَشُقُّ بِمِخْلَبِهِ كَالنَّسْرِ وَالصَّقْرِ وَالْبَازِي وَنَحْوِهَا (مرقاة المفاتيح لملا علي القاري)

( وَلَا يَحِلُّ ) ( ذُو نَابٍ يَصِيدُ بِنَابِهِ ) فَخَرَجَ نَحْوُ الْبَعِيرِ ( أَوْ مِخْلَبٍ يَصِيدُ بِمِخْلَبِهِ ) أَيْ ظُفْرِهِ فَخَرَجَ نَحْوُ الْحَمَامَةِ ( مِنْ سَبُعٍ ) بَيَانٌ لِذِي نَابٍ . وَالسَّبُعُ : كُلُّ مُخْتَطِفٍ مُنْتَهِبٍ جَارِحٍ قَاتِلٍ عَادَةً ( أَوْ طَيْرٍ ) بَيَانٌ لِذِي مِخْلَبٍ (الدر المختار)

الصيد هو الحيوان المتوحش الممتنع من الآدمي مأكولاً كان أو غير مأكول أما المأكول فهو الأنعام كلها الإبل و البقر و الغنم و المعز حلال، و كذلك ما سوى الأنعام من غير السباع كالظبي و الأرنب (فتاوى قاضيخان)

ويباح أكل الأرنب لأنه حيوان مستطاب، ليس بذي ناب كالظبي، وقد أباح النبي صلّى الله عليه وسلم أكله ( الفِقْهُ الإسلاميُّ وأدلَّتُهُ)

This answer was collected from Seekersguidance.org. It’s an online learning platform overseen by Sheikh Faraz Rabbani. All courses are free. They also have in-person classes in Canada.

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