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Selling asset in marad al-wafat at reduced price

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Selling asset in maraḍ al-wafāt at reduced price

Question

If a person in maraḍ al-wafāt sells an asset of his at a price lower than the market value, will the transaction be valid?

بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم

Answer

If a person in maraḍ al-wafāt (the illness preceding death) sells an asset at a reduced price, there are two possibilities:

First, if the buyer is an inheritor according to Islamic law, the transaction will not be valid unless the remaining inheritors consent.

Second, if the buyer is not an inheritor according to Islamic law, then the market value must be ascertained. If the difference between the agreed price and the market price is less than one third of the value of the total assets of the seller, the transaction will be valid. If the difference is more than the value of one third of his total assets, the purchaser must pay the difference, otherwise, the inheritors can cancel the transaction.

جاء في مجلة الأحكام العدلية (ص ٧٦): (المادة ٣٩٣) إذا باع شخص في مرض موته شيئا من ماله لأحد ورثته، يعتبر ذلك موقوفا على إجازة سائر الورثة، فإن أجازوا بعد موت المريض ينفذ البيع، وإن لم يجيزوا لا ينفذ. (المادة ٣٩٤) إذا باع المريض في مرض موته شيئا لأجنبي بثمن المثل صح بيعه، وإن باعه بدون ثمن المثل وسلم المبيع كان بيع محاباة يعتبر من ثلث ماله، فإن كان الثلث وافيا بها صح، وإن كان الثلث لا يفي بها، لزم المشتري إكمال ما نقص من ثمن المثل وإعطاؤه للورثة، فإن أكمل لزم البيع، وإلا كان للورثة فسخه، انتهى. وراجع فتاوى محموديه (٢٤/٣٣٦)۔

Allah knows best

Yusuf Shabbir

13 Jumādā al-Ūlā 1441 / 8 January 2020

Approved by: Mufti Shabbir Ahmad and Mufti Muhammad Tahir

This answer was collected from IslamicPortal.co.uk, which is a repository of Islamic Q&A, articles, books, and resources. Various schools write and oversee the answers, including Maulana Yusuf Shabbir, Mufti Shabbir Ahmed, and Mufti Muhammad Tahir. 

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