Questions on vomiting and how it affects the fast
Answer:
In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful.
a. Non-deliberate vomiting which is less than a mouthful breaks the fast if not swallowed?
If someone vomited less than a mouthful irrespective of whether it was deliberate or not or if someone vomited unintentionally a mouthful or less than a mouthful, the fast will not break. (Raddul Muhtar p.392 v.3)
b. Non-deliberate vomiting which is less than a mouthful breaks the fast if swallowed?
If the vomit went inside without you swallowing it the fast will remain intact. However, if you were to deliberately swallow it the fast will break. (Fatawa Hindiyyah p.204 v.1)
c. Non-deliberate vomiting which is less than a mouthful breaks the fast if swallowed ONLY to the extent which was unavoidable? Like, only a particle came up to the throat and I was in the masjid, I tried to hold it there, went to the wudhu area and spit as many times as I could, but I just have doubt if some might have gone. The particle or little bit of vomit liquid had not even reached my mouth, and was just stuck in the throat.
As you did not deliberately swallowed the vomit your fast will remain intact. d. Vomiting less than a mouthful makes the mouth impure? In the situation described above, I just spit a few times and then did kulli a few times. Is it okay to ignore doubts that splashes from the kulli (though I did it slowly the first time to avoid splashes) are impure?
There is a principle which is that that thing which does not break the wudhu is not impure. (Hidayah p.24 v.1)
Keeping the aforementioned principle in mind we can derive that vomiting less than a mouthful does not break one’s wudhu, hence, the mouth would not become impure
Only Allah Knows Best
Mohammed Tosir Miah
Darul Ifta Birmingham.