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Congregational Dua after the compulsory prayers

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Muftionline.co.za

Q: The issue of Congregational Dua after the compulsory prayers has become an issue of great conflicts in the recent past. We have found that some senior Scholars also opine that this dua is an innovation.

http://www.al-inaam.com/Books/dua_after_salah.pdf (I beleive Mufti E Desai is a senior South African Scholar)

http://forums.islamicawakening.com/showthread.php?t=13247&page=9

http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=33919

I would appreciate if Mufti Saheb can please respond to the following:

  1. Are the above mentioned Fatawa correct? If not, can Mufti Saheb please respond to their arguments.
  2. Is there any clear hadith which shows that Nabi (Sall Allahu alayhi wassallam) and Sahabah or anyone in the Khair al quroon used to supplicate in this manner?
  3. Since we are muqallids, is there any mention in the classical Hanafi works (books between 150 A.H to 1250 A.H; before the Ulama of Deoband) concerning CONGREGATIONAL dua after Salaah?
  4. There are numerous harms which comes about because of the congregational supplication. Amongst others are:
  • It disturbs latecomers
  • It has become a mere ritual
  • People are totally unmindful of authentic Adhkaar which are recorded in the Saheeh sittah
  • People confine themselves to the dua of the Imam
  • People began regarding it as compulsory. The proof of this is the numerous critisms on those Imam who omitted it in a few places
  • Many do not even understand the meaning, hence, one will find them looking around etc.
  • Based on these, can we apply the principle that ? Averting harm is better than attaining benefit?

Can Mufti Saheb please respond to the above questions for the pleasure of Allah Ta’ala and the benefit of the Muslim public. May Allah Ta’ala reward Mufti Saheb.

Bismillaah

A: Dua after the fardh salaah is supported from very authentic, reliable ahadith that will bring it to the level of mash-hoor. Every famous kitab of hadith has a section dedicated to duas that are to be recited after the fardh salaah. The adab of dua requires that the dua be done softly so that it does not disturb the next person.

Raising the hands at the time of dua is also an adab. It is proven from several ahadith that appear in Abu Dawood, Tirmizi etc.

If the dua is conducted in the manner that has been explained, then each person will be making his own individual dua. Hence, there is no question of this being a collective dua. Therefore, there is no reason to call it a bid`at or a practice that is not in keeping to the sunnat. This is clearly seen in musjids where the dua is done softly. There are some people that engage in dua, others leave before the dua or shorten the dua while others lengthen the dua. All these are distinctly visible. Hence, there is no real difference in this respect between those who read the words of dua with their hands raised and those who have their hands down.

However, there may be a few individuals who feel that the dua should only commence when the imaam commences his dua and end with him ending the dua. This belief should be corrected. However, the dua itself cannot be abandoned on account of this when it is supported from such authentic reliable mash-hoor ahadith. And there is no reason why it should be stopped.

Similarly, those who recite the duas loudly after salah should also be educated that the adab of dua is that it should be done softly as the Qur’aan states: “Call unto your Rabb with tadarru` and khufyah (silently).”

We hope all your questions have been answered.

ادْعُوا رَبَّكُمْ تَضَرُّعًا وَخُفْيَةً ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ ﴿الاعراف ٥٥﴾

عن أبي هريرة: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رفع يده بعدما سلم، وهو مستقبل القبلة فقال: اللهم خلص الوليد بن الوليد، وعياش بن أبي ربيعة، وسَلَمة بن هشام، وضعفة المسلمين الذين لا يستطيعون حيلة ولا يهتدون سبيلا من أيدي الكفار … عن أبي هريرة؛ أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يدعو في دُبُرِ صلاة الظهر: اللهم خَلِّص الوليد (تفسير ابن كثير 1/ 542)

حدثنا محمد بن يحي قال رأيت عبد الله بن الزبير ورأي رجلا رافعا يديه يدعو قبل ان يفرغ من صلاته فلما فرغ منها قال له: ان رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم لم يكن يرفع يديه حتي يفرغ من صلاته . اخرجه ابن ابي شيبة ورجاله ثقات … يفهم منه انه صلي الله عليه وسلم كان يرفع يديه اذا فرغ من صلاته ، فثبت دعاؤه صلي الله عليه وسلم بعد السلام من الصلاة رافعا يديه . (اعلاء السنن 3/ 196)

وقال الهيثمي: رواه الطبراني وترجم له فقال : محمد بن أبي يحيى الأسلمي عن عبد الله بن الزبير ورجاله ثقات (مجمع الزوائد رقم 17345)

قد ذكرنا استحباب الذكر والدعاء للامام والمأموم والمنفرد وهو مستحب عقب كل الصلوات بلا خلاف … ويستحب أن يقبل علي الناس فيدعو (3/ 488)

عن الفضل بن عباس قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم الصلاة مثنى مثنى تشهد في كل ركعتين وتخشع وتضرع وتمسكن وتذرع وتقنع يديك يقول ترفعهما إلى ربك مستقبلا ببطونهما وجهك وتقول يا رب يا رب ومن لم يفعل ذلك فهو كذا وكذا (جامع الترمذي رقم 385)

قال العلامة الجنجوهي رحمه الله في شرح الرواية: وهذا يثبت الدعاء بعد الصلاة يرفع يديه كما هو المعمول . وانكار الجهلة عليه مردود (الكوكب الدري 1/ 354)

انظر معارف السنن (3/ 123)

Answered by:

Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

This answer was collected from MuftiOnline.co.za, where the questions have been answered by Mufti Zakaria Makada (Hafizahullah), who is currently a senior lecturer in the science of Hadith and Fiqh at Madrasah Ta’leemuddeen, Isipingo Beach, South Africa.

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