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Is non-Muslim entry prohibited in Makkah and Madina?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Darulifta-Deoband.com
Is there any Hadith or Quranic verse that prohibits the entry of non-Muslim in Makkah and Madina?

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

(Fatwa: 135/382/SN=05/1437)

There is difference of opinions among the four Imams regarding this issue. According to Imam Abu Hanifah (may Allah have mercy upon him), non-Muslims may enter in both Makkah and Madina. But since usually the clothes and body of the non-Muslims are impure; hence they should not be allowed to enter in Masjid al-Haram, Masjid Nabwi as well as other mosques unnecessarily. Whereas the entry of non-Muslim in Masjid al-Haram, likewise in the areas of ‘Haram’ in Makkah is prohibited as per Imam Shafi’i, Imam Malik and Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy upon them), while Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy upon him) does not allow the entry of Kafir in Madinah as well. However Imam Shafi’i and Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy upon them) allow the entry of kafir in Madina. It is recorded in Mirqat, the commentary of Mishkat:
ولا يمنعون من دخول الحرم والمسجد الحرام وسائر المساجد عندنا وعند الشافعي يمنعون من المسجد الحرام خاصة وعند مالك يمنعون منه ومن غيره (مرقات، 7/ 583، باب اخراج اليهود من جزيرة العرب ، ط: بيروت) وفيه قيل أنظر : ….. وقالوا لا يمنع الكفار من التردد مسافرين فى الحجاز ولا يمكنون من الإقامة فيه أكثر من ثلاثة أيام قال الشافعي : إلا مكة وحرمها فلا يجوز تمكين كافر من دخولها بحال، فإن دخلها بخفية وجب إخراجه، فإن مات ودفن فيها نبش وأخرج مها ما لم يتغير وجوز أبو حنيفة دخولهم الحرم الخ ، (حواله سابق) وانظر : معارف القرآن ، 4/355).

Allah knows Best!

Darul Ifta,
Darul Uloom Deoband

This answer was collected from the official ifta website of Darul Uloom Deoband in India.

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