Also refer below
Q: Kindly explain in detail the Shari’ah laws of performing Qadhaa Salaats.
Your advice in fulfilling the Qadhaa Salaats will be appreciated.
A: Qadhaa is made only for Fardh and Witr Salaats.
In calculation, there will be six (6) Salaats per day, one hundred and
eighty (180) Salaats per month, two thousand, one hundred and sixty (2160)
Salaats per year. Calculate the number of missed Salaats from the time of
Buloogh (maturity). If one is unable to calculate the actual number of
missed Salaats, due to not having any records, then he/she should apply
his/her honest discretion in calculating the missed Salaats.
It is not permissible to give Fidyah (monetary compensation) for the missed
Salaats if one is able to fulfil the Qadhaa Salaats. The Fidya for each
missed Salaat is the same as Sadaqatul Fitr (approx. R7.00). The approximate
amount for the missed Salaats for one year will be (approx. R15,000). A
bequest should be made during one’s lifetime to pay the Fidya for the
unfulfilled Qadhaa Salaats from one third of one’s estate after fulfillment
of debts.
Thank Allah Ta’ala for giving you the concern to fulfil the missed Salaats.
How will one face Allah Ta’ala on the day of Qiyaamat should he/she pass
away without fulfilling the Qadhaa Salaats? An easy method to fulfil the
Qadhaa Salaats is, after each daily Fardh Salaat, for example, after Dhuhr
Salaat of today, perform one Dhuhr Qadhaa Salaat.
and Allah Ta’ala Knows Best
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
FATWA DEPT.
QADHAA SALAAT
1. If a person misses a salaat, then on remembering it, he should
immediately make qada of it. It is a sin to delay offering a qada salaat
without any valid excuse. So if a person misses a salaat and does not make
qada of it immediately, but postpones it to another time or to another day,
and then he suddenly dies – then he will get a double sin. One for missing
the salaat, and the other for not making qada of it immediately.
2. If a person misses several salaats, then as far as possible, he should
make qada of all. If it is possible, he should make an effort to offer all
of them at one time. It is not necessary that the qada of zuhr be offered in
zuhr time or that the qada of asr be offered at Asr time. If he has to make
qada for several months or several years, then as far as possible he should
make qada of them as quickly as possible. He should try and offer several
qada salaats in one salaat time. However, if he is compelled or has no
alternative, then he should offer one qada salaat in one salaat time. But
this is the minimum.
3. There is no stipulated time for qada salaat. Whenever one gets the
opportunity, lie should make his wudu and offer his salaat. However, he
should take the Makruh times of salaat into consideration.
4. If a person has only one qada salaat to offer and before this he never
missed any salaat, or he had missed in the past but he made qada of all of
them; then he should offer this one qada salaat before offering any other
salaat. If he offers any other salaat without offering this qada salaat,
then that salaat will not be valid. He must offer the qada salaat and repeat
that other salaat. However, if he completely forgot to offer the qada
salaat, then the other salaat will be valid. When he remembers, lie will
merely have to offer the qada salaat and it will not be necessary to repeat
the other Salaat.
5. If the time is so short that if he offers the qada salaat first, he will
miss the other salaat; then he should offer the other salaat first and then
offer the qada salaat.
6. A person misses two, three, four, or five s.alaats; and does riot have to
read any other salaat for the past. That is, from the time he became mature,
he did not miss any salaat; or if he missed, he made qada of all. Then as
long as he does not offer these five salaats, it will not be permissible to
offer any other salaat. When he offers these five qada salaats, he should
offer them in the same order as he had missed them; i.e. the one that lie
missed first should be offered first and the one that he missed second
should be offered second, and so on. For example, if a person misses the
salaats of an entire day: fajr, zuhr, asr, maghrib, and esha; then when he
is offering his qada, he should offer it in the same order. If he does not
offer fajr first, but zuhr or asr, or any other salaat; then this will not
be proper. He will have to repeat it.
7. If a person has to make qada of six salaats or more. then he can offer
any other salaat without having offered the six salaats of qada. And when he
offers these six salaats, he does not have to offer them in the order that
he missed them. He can offer them in any order that he wishes. Now it is not
wajib to offer them in order.
8. Several months or several years have passed and the person hasn’t offered
those six or more salaats. However, thereafter he always offered his salaats
on time and did not allow himself to miss any salaat. After all these months
or years, he now misses one salaat. So even in this case it will be
permissible to read all other salaats without making qada of those that lie
missed. When offering these salaats, he does not even have to follow any set
order.
9. A person had to offer six or more qada salaats and therefore did not have
to offer them in the order that he missed them. However, he offered these
salaats by reading one or two at a time and thereby completed all of them.
Now, no salaat is left which he has to make qada of. So now, if misses out
one to five salaats again; he will have to make qada of them in the order
that he missed and it will not be permissible for him to offer any other
salaat without offering these qada salaats first. But if he misses out six
salaats or more again, he will again be excused from offering them in the
order that he missed them. And he will also be able to offer other salaats
without having offered his qada salaats first.
10. A person had many qada salaats to offer. He commenced reading them and
gradually completed all of them with the exception of four or five. So now
it is not Waajib to offer these four or five salaats in order. He has the
choice of offering them as he wishes. It is also permissible for him to
offer other salaats without having offered these qada salaats.
11. A person missed out witr salaat and does not have any other qada salaat
to offer. So it is not permissible for him to offer the fajr salaat without
having offered the qada of witr salaat first. If he knows that he has to
make qada of the witr salaat first and still offers the fajr salaat first,
then he will have to offer the qada salaat of witr and then repeat the fajr
salaat.
12. A person offered only his esha salaat and slept away. He then awoke for
tahajjud, made wudu and offered his tahajjud and witr salaats. In the
morning he remembered that he had forgetfully offered his esha salaat
without wudu. He will now have to make qada of the esha salaat only, and not
the witr salaat.
13. Qada is only made for the fard and witr salaats, and not for the sunnah
salaats. However, if a person misses out his fajr salaat and makes qada of
it before mid-day, then he should also make qada of the sunnah of fajr
salaat. And if he makes the qada after mid-day, then lie should only make
qada of the the fard salaat.
14. If there was very little time left for fajr and he therefore only read
the fard salaat, then it is preferable to offer the sunnah salaat after the
sun has risen considerably. But he has to read it before mid-day.
15. A person who rarely used to offer his salaats made taubah. It will now
be wajib for him to make qada of all those salaats which he had missed
throughout his life. By making taubah, one is not excused from offering his
salaats. However, he is forgiven from the sin which he committed by missing
out the salaats. Now, if he does not make qada of these missed salaats, the
sin will return to him.
16. A person had missed several salaats and did not get the opportunity to
make qada of them as yet. At the time of death, it will be wajib for him to
make a wasiyyat to pay fidyah for all the missed salaats. He will be sinning
it he does not do this. The masa’il related to giving fidyah for missed
salaats will be explained in Part Three in the chapter dealing with fidyah
for missed fasts – Insha Allah.
17. If several people have missed a particular salaat then they should make
qada of it with jama’at. And if it is a salaat in which qira’at is normally
made aloud, then when making qada, it should also be recited aloud. If it is
normally made softly, then it should also be made softly.
18. If an immature child offers his esha salaat and sleeps away, and after
the break of dawn he notices traces of semen which indicates that he had a
wet dream, then the preferred opinion is that he should repeat his esha
salaat. And if he wakes up before the break of dawn and notices traces of
semen, then all the ulama say that he will have to make qada of the esha
salaat.