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I’m unable to recall a talaq that my husband claims to have issued. Does the talaq stand valid in this case?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

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My husband mentioned to me that he gave me two talaaqs already. However i don’t recall the first one at all. There were many incidents where i was jinn possessed which were confirmed with an aamil. This happends to be one of them, my husband says i provoked him to a point of divorce in extreme anger. We are not sure if this talaaq has fallen due to the fact that i have no recollection of it. He strongly believes that i was jinn possessed at the time. I have only found out about the first talaaq when he mentioned it to me today.

Did talaaq fall? 

Answer

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.


 

Respected Sister,

We are sad to note the various challenges you are facing in your marriage.  May Allah relieve you from the difficulties. Aameen.

You state that your husband claims to have issued you two talaqs. What type of talaq did he issue you? Was it a Talaq e raj’ii (revocable divorce) or a talaq e bāin (irrevocable divorce)? The implications and rules of both talaqs are different. Hence, for clarity purposes, we will hereunder briefly discuss both:

  • Talaq e raj’ii is a type of divorce wherein plain and explicit words of talaq are used for divorce. For example : Talaq, I give you talaq or I divorce you.[i] In such a talaq, the husband can take back his wife within the iddah period ( three menstrual cycles or three months if she doesn’t experience menses)without having to renew the nikah, or, through tajdeed e nikah (renewal of nikah) if the iddah period expires. If the husband does not reconcile with his wife during her iddah period, nikah gets terminated and will have to be renewed if both decide to live together again.[ii] Reconciliation can be made verbally or by being intimate.
  • Talaq e bāin is a type of talaq wherein ambiguous and allusive words/phrases are used for giving talaq. For example: Pack your bags and go back to your mother’s house etc. Talaq e bāin only takes place if the husband intends a divorce through such words.[iii] The implication of such a talaq is that reconciliation is only possible through a renewal of nikah, whether be it within the iddah period or after it.[iv]

In the enquired situation, if your husband claims that he has issued you two talaqs by using explicit words of talaq, then two talaq e raj’ii will take place despite the fact that you do not remember the divorce issued.[v] [vi] [vii] [viii] Your husband may take you back within the iddah period.  We also advise your husband to be cautious in future as his right to divorce is now restricted to one. If he issues another divorce, that will constitute a talaq e mughallazah (a permanently irrevocable divorce).

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Naved A. Sohtun ibn Shabbir

Student Darul Iftaa

Shillong, India.

 Checked and approved by,

Mufti Ebrahim Desai.


[i] و الطلاق الرجعي هو أن يطلق الزوج المرأة الحرة واحدة أو ثنتين بصريح الطلاق من غير عوض بعد الدخول. (الشهاب في توضيح الكتاب ص ٢٣٩ )

 

[ii] ﺃﻣﺎ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ اﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﻓﺎﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻷﺻﻠﻲ ﻟﻪ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻥ اﻟﻌﺪﺩ، ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﺯﻭاﻝ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ، ﻭﺣﻞ اﻟﻮﻁء – ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻟﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻝ، ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻧﻘﻀﺎء اﻟﻌﺪﺓ، ﻓﺈﻥ ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺮاﺟﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻧﻘﻀﺖ ﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺖ، ﻭﻫﺬا ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ (بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع،فضل في حكم الطلاق، ج ٤، ص ٤٩١ )

[iii] ﻭﻻ ﺧﻼﻑ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﺌﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﻨﻮﻧﺔ ﻭاﻟﺤﺮﻣﺔ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺑﺎﺋﻦ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺮاﻡ ﻭﻧﻮﻯ اﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻊ اﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻭاﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ

ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺭﺩﺕ ﻃﻼﻗﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺛﺎﻕ ﻳﺼﺪﻕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﻥ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻷﻧﻪ ﺻﺮﻑ اﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﺷﺮﻋﺎ (تحفة الفقهاء للسمرقندي، ص١٧٦، ج ٢)

[iv] ﻭﺇﺫا ﻛﺎﻥ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺑﺎﺋﻦا ﺩﻭﻥ اﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ اﻧﻘﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎ ” ﻷﻥ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻕ ﻷﻥ ﺯﻭاﻟﻪ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻴﻨﻌﺪﻡ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻊ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻻﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ اﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﻭﻻ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻃﻼﻗﻪ ” (الهداية في شرح بداية المبتدي، ص٢٥٧، ج ٢)

[v] ﻭﺇﺫا ﺃﻗﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ، ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﻲء ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺃﺿﺎﻑ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻭﻻ ﻃﻼﻕ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ، ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﻗﻊ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺎ ﻟﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﻉ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺳﻨﺪ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺻﺪﻗﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻓﻌﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻭﻗﻊ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ، ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺬﺑﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻓﻌﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺇﻗﺮاﺭ اﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺑﻪ؛ ﻷﻥ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻭاﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﺇﺫا ﻟﻢ ﺗﺼﺪﻗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺑﻄﺎﻝ ﺣﻘﻬﺎ ( المبسوط للسرخسي، ج ١٨، ص ٤٥ )

[vi] ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻗﺮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻃﻠﻖ ﺇﺣﺪاﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ، ﻭﻗﺎﻝ: ﻗﺪ ﻧﺴﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﻭاﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﻫﺬا؛ ﻷﻥ اﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻋﻮﻯ ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﻌﺪﻡ اﻟﺪﻋﻮﻯ، ﺇﺫا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺮﻓﺎ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻔﻈﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻡ اﻟﺰﻭﺝ، ﻭﻟﻜﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ: ﻗﺪ ﺃﻗﺮا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﺑﺄﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﺿﻴﻌﺎ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻷﻥ اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺑﻄﻼﻕ ﺇﺣﺪاﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬا ﻗﻀﺎء ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻬﺪا، ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺑﻄﻼﻕ ﺇﺣﺪاﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ، ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻴﻨﺎ، ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺇﺣﺪاﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﺄﻭﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺧﺮﻯ، ﻓﺈﺫا ﺗﻌﺬﺭ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﻠﺖ اﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺑﺨﻼﻑ ﺇﻗﺮاﺭ اﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻠﺰﻣﺎ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ. (المبسوط للسرخسی، ج ٦ ، ص ١٤٥)

[vii] صورت مسئولہ میں دو طلاق رجعی واقع ہوگئ ہیں ۔ وقوع طلاق کیلئے بیوی کی موجودگی ضروری نہیں ہے۔ بیوی کی عدم موجودگی میں بھی طلاق واقع ہوجاتی ہےنیز حاملہ ہونا بھی وقوعِ طلاق سے مانع نہیں (نجم الفتاوی ج۶، ص۲۵)

[viii] ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻗﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻛﺎﺫﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻫﺎﺯﻻ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻗﻀﺎء ﻻ ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺔ [در المختار وحاشية إبن عابدين (الرد المحتار) ص ٢٣٦، ج ٣]

 

 

أحسن الفتاویٰ ج ٥، ص ١٨٣

 

فی جامع الفصولین اخبرہا واحد بموتِ زوجہا اوبردَّتِہااوبتطلیقہا حل لہا التزوج ولوسمع من ہٰذا الرجل آخرلہ ان یشہدَ لانہ من باب الدین فیثبت بخبر الواحدِ ﺑﺨﻼﻑ اﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻭاﻟﻨﺴﺐ [در المختار وحاشية عابدين (الرد المحتار) ج ٣، ص٥٢٩

 

 

 

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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