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Zakat date resetting

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Askimam.org

Assalamualikum I have if I have 10 thousand Pound’s in debt and I have 1 thousand in savings will my zakat year reset 

Answer

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuhu.

Who is Zakat compulsory on?

Zakat is an annual obligation, due from a sane, adult, Muslim, once every lunar year.

When is Zakat compulsory?

An individual’s Zakat year starts on the date his wealth first equalled or exceeded the Nisab (the threshold of wealth set by Shariah for Zakat to become obligatory).

Zakat should then be calculated and paid after one lunar year has passed, and every year thereafter on that date.

If a person cannot remember the date they first became owner of the Nisab, then the date should be estimated. If this is not possible, then a specific Islamic date should be selected and adhered to annually.

If at any point a person becomes completely bankrupt, this date will be discarded and his zakat date will be reset again, from the first time his wealth equals or exceeds the Nisab.

When is a person classed as ‘bankrupt’?

When a person loses all his wealth and has nothing left, he is classed bankrupt.

Do debts and liabilities affect Zakat?

Liabilities will be subtracted from a person’s wealth, before zakat is calculated.

If wealth equalling to or exceeding the Nisab remains after subtracting liabilities, zakat will be obligatory, otherwise there will be no zakat.

In the given scenario, where the only zakatable wealth a person has is £1000, and he is in a £10,000 debt, there will be no zakat. Technically speaking, the persons balance is, – £9000. In principle he is bankrupt, so his zakat date will be reset from whenever he regains Nisab.[1]

 

And Allah Ta ‘āla Knows Best

Bayazeed

Student – Darul Iftaa

UK

 

Checked and approved by,

Mufti Ebrahim Desai

20-02-1440 | 19-10-2019

 


[1] تحفت الفقهاء – باب زكاة أموال التجارة – (2/570)

فأما إذا هلك النصاب أصلا، بحيث لم يبق منه شيء، يستأنف الحول، لأنه لم ىوجد شيء من النصاب الصلي حتى يضم اليه المستفاد.

 

مختصر القدوري – كتاب الزكاة – (192-194)

الزكاة واجبة على الحر المسلم البالغ العاقل إذا ملك نصابا كاملا ملكا تاما، وحال عليه الحول، وليس على صبي ولا مجنون ولا مكاتب زكاة. ومن كان عليه دين محيط بماله، فلا زكاة عليه، وان كان ماله أكثر من الدين زكى الفاضل إذا بلغ نصابا.

 

الفتاوى التاتارخانية – الفصل في إنقطاع حكم الحول وعدم إنقطاعه (3/181)

ولو كان النصاب كاملا في أول الحول وكاملا في آخر الحول وفيما بينهما هلك كله ولم يبق منه شيء لا تجب الزكاة.

 

شرح مختصر الطحاوي – مسئلة الدين يمنع وجوب الزكاة بمقداره (2/250)

والدليل على أن الدين يمنع وجوب الزكاة بمقداره قول الله تعالى … فحصل لنا بمجموع الآية والخبر أن الغارم فقير، فصار المقدار المستحق بالدين كأنه في غير ملكه في جواز إعطائه الصدقة، وكونه في حكم من لا يملك.

 

 

This answer was collected from Askimam.org, which is operated under the supervision of Mufti Ebrahim Desai from South Africa.

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