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Debts of the deceased

Q: If a man owes a debt but agrees with the courts to deduct the debt from his house if sold, does he take that debt to his grave or is that debt passed to the person who inherits the house?

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A: The debts of the deceased will firstly be paid from the estate. After paying off the debts if the deceased made a bequest, then the bequest will be fulfilled from one third of the estate that is remaining. Thereafter the estate will be distributed among the heirs according to the Shar’ee stipulated laws of inheritance.

And Allah Ta’ala (الله تعالى) knows best.

يوصيكُمُ اللَّـهُ فى أَولـٰدِكُم لِلذَّكَرِ مِثلُ حَظِّ الأُنثَيَينِ فَإِن كُنَّ نِساءً فَوقَ اثنَتَينِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثا ما تَرَكَ وَإِن كانَت وٰحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصفُ وَلِأَبَوَيهِ لِكُلِّ وٰحِدٍ مِنهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمّا تَرَكَ إِن كانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَإِن لَم يَكُن لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَواهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ فَإِن كانَ لَهُ إِخوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ مِن بَعدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يوصى بِها أَو دَينٍ ءاباؤُكُم وَأَبناؤُكُم لا تَدرونَ أَيُّهُم أَقرَبُ لَكُم نَفعًا فَريضَةً مِنَ اللَّـهِ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ كانَ عَليمًا حَكيمًا ﴿النساء: ١١﴾

وإن علم الوارث دين مورثه والدين غصب أو غيره فعليه أن يقضيه من التركة وإن لم يقض فهو مؤاخذ به في الآخرة وإن لم يجد المديون ولا وارثه صاحب الدين ولا وارثه فتصدق المديون أو وارثه عن صاحب الدين برىء في الآخرة (رد المحتار 4/283)

Answered by:

Mufti Zakaria Makada

Checked & Approved:

Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

This answer was collected from MuftiOnline.co.za, where the questions have been answered by Mufti Zakaria Makada (Hafizahullah), who is currently a senior lecturer in the science of Hadith and Fiqh at Madrasah Ta’leemuddeen, Isipingo Beach, South Africa.

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