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What is the ruling regarding copyright etc?

Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Muftionline.co.za

Q: What is the ruling regarding copyright etc?

Bismillaah

A: It appears in Al-Ashbaah wan Nazaair that the purchasing and selling of rights or any intangible item is not permissible. Just as it is unanimously not permissible to sell the rights of walaa and shuf`ah similarly is the maslah pertaining to copyrights. Hazrat Moulana Gangohi, Moulana Thanwi, Moulana Saharanpuri and Mufti Mahmood Saheb (rahimahumullah) are all unanimous in respect to this maslah.

Further, once a person has purchased an article outright it is not permissible for the seller to restrict, regulate or control the use of the article in any way. It becomes his property and he may use it as he pleases. He may sell it, copy it or do whatever he wishes. To restrict control is not giving the purchaser total authority over the purchased commodity. 

عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن بيع الولاء وعن هبته (صحيح البخاري رقم 6756)

الحقوق المجردة لا يجوز الاعتياض عنها كحق الشفعة (الأشباه والنظائر 2/153)

وفي الأشباه لا يجوز الاعتياض عن الحقوق المجردة كحق الشفعة وعلى هذا لا يجوز الاعتياض عن الوظائف بالأوقاف وفيها في آخر بحث تعارض العرف مع اللغة المذهب عدم اعتبار العرف الخاص لكن أفتى كثير باعتباره وعليه فيفتى بجواز النزول عن الوظائف بمال (الدر المختار 4/518)

Answered by:

Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

This answer was collected from MuftiOnline.co.za, where the questions have been answered by Mufti Zakaria Makada (Hafizahullah), who is currently a senior lecturer in the science of Hadith and Fiqh at Madrasah Ta’leemuddeen, Isipingo Beach, South Africa.

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